Thursday, July 31, 2025

What are deadly [“unto death”] and what are pardonable [“not unto death”] sins?

Saint Ignatius Brianchaninov (+1867), Bishop of the Caucasus and the Black Sea

 

Every deadly sin committed by an Orthodox Christian, if not healed through proper repentance, becomes the cause of his eternal damnation. Deadly sins for the Christian are heresy, schism, blasphemy, perjury, despair, suicide, adultery, every unnatural carnal sin, incest, drunkenness, sacrilege, murder, robbery, and every great, cruel, and inhuman injustice. Of these, only one—suicide—cannot be healed through repentance.

All, nevertheless, kill the soul, rendering it incapable of inheriting eternal blessedness, until it is cleansed through sincere repentance. And even if a person falls into a deadly sin only once, he dies spiritually. “For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles at one point is guilty of breaking all of it. For He who said, ‘Do not commit adultery,’ also said, ‘Do not murder.’ So if you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.” (James 2:10–11)

Whoever has committed a deadly sin, let him not despair. Let him turn to healing repentance. To this, the Savior calls him until the very last moment of his life, proclaiming through the holy Gospel: “He who believes in Me, even if he dies, shall live.” (John 11:26)

It is a great calamity is the persistence of a person in deadly sin; a great calamity is the transformation of deadly sin into a habit! There are no good deeds that could deliver a soul from Hades if that soul, before being separated from the body, is not cleansed from every deadly sin.

When is a sin pardonable (easily forgiven)? When someone, for example, is slightly carried away by gluttony and eats a little more than necessary; when he is slightly carried away by sensuality and fleetingly looks at someone with impure desire or accepts a shameful fantasy; when he carelessly utters some useless word; when he tells a small lie or steals something of little value or boasts or becomes angry for a moment; when he is saddened or bears a grudge for a short time against his neighbor.

For all these things, a person will easily be forgiven by the merciful God, provided that his fall, which is due to human weakness, is followed by awareness and repentance. The pardonable sin does not deprive the Christian of divine grace, it does not kill his soul as deadly sin does. Yet the pardonable sin is also spiritually harmful when we do not repent of it, but on the contrary, repeat it, continually adding weight to its burden.

The Holy Fathers say that a person drowns with a heavy stone tied around his neck just as much as with a sack of sand. This means that into the abyss of Hades we may be dragged down just as much by a single deadly sin as by the multitude of accumulated pardonable ones. What exceedingly evil thing did the rich man of the Gospel parable (Luke 16:19–31) do in enjoying his wealth? The cause of his destruction, as presented by the Gospel, was nothing other than his pleasure-filled life, which led him to complete forgetfulness of virtue and eternity. His entertainment became a passion, preventing him from realizing what true life is.

“We must guard our soul,” advises Saint Makarios the Great (Homily on the Freedom of the Mind, 4), “and prevent its communion with profane and wicked thoughts. For just as the body, when it unites with another body, is defiled and becomes unclean, so too the soul is corrupted when it unites with wicked and impure thoughts, especially when it agrees with them. And this happens not only with evil but also with other sinful thoughts, such as thoughts of unbelief, deceit, vainglory, anger, envy, and contention. We are called to reject all these thoughts by the apostolic exhortation: ‘Let us cleanse ourselves from everything that defiles body and spirit’ (2 Corinthians 7:1).”

 

Greek source: https://imlp.gr/2025/07/27/%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9%e1%bd%b0-%ce%b5%e1%bc%b6%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%e1%bd%b0-%ce%b8%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%ac%cf%83%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%b1-%ce%ba%ce%b1%e1%bd%b6-%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9%e1%bd%b0-%cf%84%e1%bd%b0-%cf%83/

The Council in Kolymbari, Crete: Holy and Great, or Heretical and Robber?

Monk Savvas Lavriotis

Pan-Orthodox Synaxis at the Monastery of Venerable Justin of Ćelije in Barajevo, Serbia

April 22, 2018

 

Most Reverend and holy Bishop of Raška and Prizren in exile, Artemije, holy Hierarchs, honorable fathers and venerable mothers, beloved brothers and sisters in Christ – Christ is Risen!

Great is our joy that we find ourselves in this noble period when we celebrate the Resurrection of our Lord, and it becomes even greater because of our fellow fighters for the faith, the Romanians and the Greeks, who are here today—namely, because we are all together fighting against the pan-heresy of Ecumenism and the anti-Christian New World Order.

In today's speech, we will briefly show how the so-called Holy and Great Council, convened at the Orthodox Academy of Crete [1] (near the Cretan town of Kolymbari, not far from Chania), is in fact a false, anti-Orthodox, and ecumenistic council (modeled after the Second Vatican Council), and not an Orthodox council as many bishops, clergy, and laypeople believe.

The conclusions that arise from the study of the published final texts of the so-called Holy and Great Council, as well as from the responses and analyses of distinguished theologians and metropolitans, are the following:

1. The goal of recognizing heresies with the status of being churches was finally realized—that is, it was accepted that Papism and other heretics are Churches, not heresies;

2. The pan-heresy of Ecumenism was officially and synodally established, and the Protestant (so-called World) Council of Churches (more precisely, the Council of Heresies) was recognized as legitimate;

3. Post-patristic theology was institutionalized;

4. The decisions of the Ecumenical Councils were trampled upon;

5. The concept of Orthodox spirituality was distorted;

6. Orthodox conciliarity was undermined;

7. Non-Orthodox methods were used in the manner of conducting the council;

8. The decisions of the “Council” are binding for all laity and clergy (under the pretext of respecting and supposedly preserving true Orthodoxy), thereby nullifying the role of the people who bear responsibility for preserving the uncorrupted Orthodox Faith;

9. The patristic and Spirit-bearing Tradition of the Church is not respected, for there was no recognition of all previous Councils;

10. For the first time, the participation of Papist observers was permitted, and joint prayers with them occurred during the Divine Liturgies within the framework of the so-called Council.

As is well known, the main task of an Orthodox Council is the struggle against heresies that have arisen within the bosom of the Church. But at this so-called Council, the exact opposite occurred. Because—as can be seen from the adopted texts, and especially from the text “Relations of the Orthodox Church with the Rest of the Christian World” [2]—the pan-heresy of syncretistic, inter-Christian Ecumenism was adopted, institutionalized, and established through a “Pan-Orthodox decision” as the official and legitimate line and teaching of the Orthodox Church. They recognized as churches the heretics—Papists, Protestants, and Monophysites— acknowledging for them ecclesiality, apostolic succession, priesthood, grace, and Mysteries. They adopted godless, misleading, heretical, and ecumenistic theories within the framework of the “theology of baptism,” “Eucharistic theology,” and the “divided Church” theory, while at the same time confirming the continued participation of the Orthodox Church in anti-patristic and fruitless modern theological dialogues without end and in the all-Protestant World Council of “Churches” (more precisely, the Council of heresies and delusions).

The most problematic dogmatic decision is found in the following demonic sentence: “The Orthodox Church accepts the historical name of other, non-Orthodox Christian Churches and Confessions which are not in communion with her.”

Heretical groups are referred to as other non-Orthodox Christian Churches and Confessions, and one must bear in mind the fact that in this specific dogmatic decision the word “heresy” is not mentioned at all, which is contrary to the holy canons that extensively use that word. This means that the Orthodox Church is considered as merely one among the Christian Churches or Confessions. More precisely, the Orthodox Church, just as the other non-Orthodox Churches and Confessions, is seen as having the same faith, differing only in regard to its theological formulations. This, in fact, is the position promoted for years by the World Council of Churches and the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew. And for that reason, in order for there to be syncretistic unity between the Orthodox Church and heretical groups, there must be progress in terms of convergence of theological formulations regarding their supposed common faith. This dogmatic decision is then formulated as follows: “a faster and more objective clarification of the entire ecclesial subject matter, and particularly of their [the Orthodox Church and other ‘churches’ – trans. note] more general teaching concerning the Mysteries, grace, priesthood, and apostolic succession.”

This dogmatic decision is heretical because, according to the ontological nature of the Church, unity already exists and therefore cannot be lost. Yet here, the Orthodox Church objectively seeks to pave the way toward some other (syncretistic) unity, foreign to its ontological nature, which is not based on the true faith.

Specifically, in Article 16, the following is mentioned: “One of the main bodies in the history of the Ecumenical movement is the ‘World Council of Churches’ (WCC)... Alongside it, there are other inter-Christian organizations and regional bodies such as the ‘Conference of European Churches’ (CEC), the ‘Middle East Council of Churches’ (MECC), and the ‘All Africa Conference of Churches.’ These organizations, together with the World Council of Churches, have an important mission in achieving the unity of the Christian world.” And we ask ourselves: Has the Church of Christ been divided? Or rather, have those separated and cut off who do not follow the tradition of the Church of Christ—the tradition expressed through the Apostles, the Ecumenical Councils, and the Holy Fathers?

This constitutes blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, a dreadful deviation from the conciliarly dogmatized faith of the Church and from the Symbol of Faith, in which we confess and believe in “One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church.” At the Cretan “Council,” ten autocephalous Churches—including the Church of Greece, and even the official Holy Mountain, which sent an official representative—accepted the “theology of baptism” and indirectly the “branch theory,” recognizing as Churches the Papists, Maronites, Nestorians, Monophysites, Monothelites (heretics who were condemned at a number of Ecumenical Councils—from the Third to the Sixth), as well as a multitude of Protestants represented in the World Council of so-called Churches. The “conciliar” decision in Kolymbari to recognize heretics condemned by the Ecumenical Councils as Churches introduces syncretism and ecumenism as the main theological lines within the Orthodox Church, and this is what will henceforth be followed by all those who remain in communion with Patriarch Bartholomew and with those who follow him. Moreover, immediately after the “Council,” Bartholomew himself officially stated: “We have entered the post-patristic period of the Church.”

At this “Council”:

1) All heresies that had been condemned by the Ecumenical Councils are confirmed;

2) An ecclesiological heresy is supported, for the first time in the history of the Church, which states that the Church of Christ is not identified solely with the Orthodox Church, but extends also to heretical groups that do not hold the Orthodox Faith;

3) The position is supported, also for the first time in Church history, that heresies which do not have the Orthodox Faith, as well as other religions which do not believe in the Triune God, are capable of saving—that is, they provide the saving grace of the Holy Spirit.

And all of this happened with the ultimate goal that the Orthodox Church:

• Be syncretistically united—that is, without unity in the Orthodox Faith of the undivided Church of the first millennium—with Papism, which has already embraced religious syncretism at the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965); and

• Through Papism, be united—also syncretistically (that is, self-evidently without any unity in the Orthodox Faith)—with the other religions into a single world religion that will worship the Antichrist, for, as is well known, according to the Apostle Paul, the Antichrist will exalt himself and place himself above every god or object of worship to such an extent that he will sit as “God” in the Holy of Holies (more precisely, in the Temple of Solomon which will be rebuilt, but also in Christian churches that will submit to the Antichrist), and he will attempt by cunning tricks to present himself as the supposedly true God (2 Thess. 2:4).

Marriage

With regard to the topic of mixed marriages, while in part I,5 [of the text dedicated to marriage – trans. note] strictness in accordance with the canons is emphasized (based on Canon 72 of the Council in Trullo), in part II,5 “economy” is emphasized, through which the possibility is foreseen for each of the Local Churches to regulate this issue as it wishes. To begin with, it is useful to know what Canon 72 of the Council in Trullo says. It states that marriage between an Orthodox and a heretical person is forbidden under threat of excommunication, [3] and that if any should end up in such a marriage, that marriage is to be considered invalid, and as an unlawful act, must be dissolved. In the interpretation of this canon, Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite (Pedalion, p. 283) emphasizes that “the wolf and the sheep and the inheritance of sinners and heretics must never be united with the portion of Christ, the Orthodox.” On the same page, in the corresponding footnote by Venerable Nicodemus, it is stated that bishops on islands where there are Latins “must in no way permit a Latin man to take an Orthodox woman as wife, nor a Latin woman to an Orthodox man. What communion indeed can an Orthodox have with a heretic?” This is mentioned by the Venerable Father in reference to the aforementioned canon, but in essence this very canon is violated in the “conciliar” Cretan text without any justification, [4] under the pretext of some vague economy, without any canonical foundation or interpretation, as is the case with all the texts of the so-called Council.

Worst of all is that the “Council” itself allows for the creation of chaos—that each Local Church may choose, without any pan-Orthodox agreement, what it will do in a given context. The aim of the provisions on marriage is clear and has been described in many ecumenistic proclamations concerning the acceptance of mixed marriages as a means to overcome “historical divisions” and the “lost unity of the ancient united Church,” and this aim establishes a common ecumenist approach to the issue of marriage. It is indicative that in the text of the Catechism of the Papist “church” [5], at the end of the chapter on marriage, in article 1636, it is mentioned that “through ecumenical dialogue, Christian communities have been able in various parts of the world to adopt a common pastoral practice for mixed marriages” (emphasis in the original text). At the end of this article there is also a reference to article 821, which speaks of the ways by which Papists can act toward unity of the “divided Church.” It is clear that the topic of mixed marriages is connected to new ecumenistic methods of seeking the restoration of the supposedly lost unity. In article 818, the theological foundation is mentioned upon which the acceptance of mixed marriages as a Mystery of the “church” is based—it is the baptism that each of the spouses received in their respective “Church.” In other words, the foundation of all of this is the theology of baptism, which was adopted as official doctrine by the Second Vatican Council, and this theology, in turn, is the foundation of the Eucharistic theology that constitutes the new ecclesiology of Papism. Naturally, article 818 cites as a reference the ecumenist edict of the Second Vatican Council (Unitatis Redintegratio 3/a).

The examples used, as well as the terms regarding mixed marriages in the aforementioned text, clearly show us the reason why it was predetermined (in the final document of Crete) to leave the Local Churches the freedom to pastorally regulate the issue of marriage, instead of, as ought to have been the case, adopting a comprehensive and binding solution for all, in the spirit of the holy canons. As it stands, those Local Churches in which the ecumenist spirit has not destroyed everything are forced to accept the decisions of other “more progressive” Local Churches that have relativized everything, and now impose their discretionary practice as legitimate and Orthodox. This practice comes entirely (and from where else?) from the USA and the Greek Archdiocese there, as well as from the Metropolitan Synod of Russians (of the Moscow Patriarchate) in that region. On the one hand, already existing mixed marriages are being sanctioned, and on the other, through some kind of “church ceremony,” new mixed marriages are being recognized as “Orthodox,” even those that are contracted in heretical temples! This is a full consolidation of ecumenism at the local church level, all “in accordance with the rules.”

With this decision concerning marriages, we witness the triumph of impiety, because:

a) the violation, as mentioned above, of Canon 72 of the Council in Trullo, but not only that canon, rather also Canon 14 of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, Canons 10 and 31 of the Council of Laodicea, and then Canons 21 and 29 of the Council of Carthage—all of this essentially amounts to the abolition of all the Ecumenical Councils, in accordance with the words: “For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet stumble in one point, he is guilty of all” (James 2:10). How then can we annul that which has been dogmatized by the Holy Spirit? This is blasphemy against the Holy Fathers, against the Holy Spirit, and clearly proves that we have entered (according to Patriarch Bartholomew) the post-patristic era of the Church;

b) ecumenism is abruptly introduced into the family, and the salvific mission of marriage is destroyed—for how can there be cohabitation and a common path toward Christ (which is the goal of married life) when the spouses do not believe in the same God?;

c) the fruit of marriage (children)—what path will they follow? The path of the pure Orthodox Faith, or the ecumenistic family ideal within which they are raised and live?;

d) in practice, the “theology of baptism” is accepted—for how can we admit an unbaptized, non-Orthodox person into the Holy Mysteries of our Church?;

e) chaos is introduced into the Church, because, as we have already said, each Local Church will autonomously choose solutions under the pretext of economy toward individuals, in accordance with the judgment of the respective bishop regarding whether he will permit a mixed marriage.

Fasting

Everything that we have already said regarding the text on marriages also applies to the one concerning fasting. Up until article 8 of the text, the institution of fasting is praised, and the good fruits of fasting are spoken of, with references to patristic sources—St. Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, Gregory Palamas, and others. And while what was necessary to say on the topic of fasting was stated in the first 7 articles of the text, albeit superficially, a reasonable reader would expect, as a conclusion of the “Council,” a confirmation of the importance of fasting in accordance with Tradition. However, despite those 7 articles, already in article 8 everything previously said is completely overturned! And here we may make a small digression. It is the tactic of the ecumenists to speak truth and immediately thereafter introduce a falsehood which negates Orthodox Dogmas.

Specifically, from the simple observation of the fact that modern, weakened “Christians” do not keep the fasts, the text proceeds—under the guise of “pastoral concern”—to contempt for the holy commandment of fasting (for such fasting is now being addressed, not fasting in general as in the rest of the text), and to the consolidation of “economy” of this kind.

While at the beginning of article 8 it speaks of the “relaxation” of fasting (though in reality it concerns the abolition of fasting), carried out by the “faithful,” just a few lines later all of that is forgotten, as the following reasons are listed to justify such practice: illness, military service, work conditions, climate (!), and even the difficulty of finding fasting foods (!!). In other words, the text lacks even elementary internal coherence. Instead of the “pastorally concerned” Church working to resolve the above-mentioned problems (e.g., military food rations, cooperation with food suppliers and commercial chains, etc.), a path is opened for the abolition of fasting and, essentially, of the ascetic life of the Church. There is no other reason for all of this except the approach toward the secularized “Christian” ecumenistic brethren of the West, who have abolished all ancient commandments concerning fasting. This text on fasting exists for no other reason than the application of “basic ecumenism.”

With regard to the church ceremonial and the regularity of the “Council,” we can say the following. The false council in Crete, through the mouths of hierarchs and other participants after the conclusion of its work (they did not dare to say so beforehand), was called “the Second Vatican Council of Orthodoxy,” as an analogous “Council” to the most recent Papist council (the 21st), which caused tremendous upheavals within Vatican circles, bringing such changes [6] that it was characterized by its very own protagonists as a watershed between the epochs before and after the council. What is interesting, and what compels us to mention the Vatican Council, are the methodological similarities of the Cretan “Council” with that council. Thus, “with regard to the convocation and working procedures of the Cretan assembly, it is widely known that the method of operation of the Second Vatican Council was used in a certain sense as a model.” [7] Of course, the Inter-Orthodox Preparatory Commission, the Pan-Orthodox Pre-Council Conferences, the Permanent Secretariat for the preparation of the Council, and finally the method of preparing and revising the texts of the “Holy and Great Council”—all of this reflects the working method of the Second Vatican Council. [8]

Let us see what St. Nikodemos the Hagiorite says regarding the criteria by which a Council is characterized as Ecumenical:

a) The Council must be convened not by some patriarch, but on the basis of “imperial decrees”—which today is impossible and unfeasible regardless of obstacles of an ecclesiastical nature;

b) it must be marked by discussion concerning the Faith and, consequently, the adoption of decisions in the form of dogmatic definitions (horoi);

c) it is necessary “that the dogmas and canons enacted at such Councils always be in agreement with Holy Scripture and the preceding Ecumenical Councils,” and Venerable Nikodemos adds the “most glorious maxim” of St. Maximus the Confessor, that “Councils are judged by the right Faith,” i.e., “correct dogmas”;

d) finally, “all conciliar dogmas and canons must be agreed upon and accepted by all Orthodox patriarchs and hierarchs, whether by their personal conciliar presence, or through their representatives at the councils, or by way of letters.” [9]

What has been enumerated above must serve as a guide in the final assessment of the ecumenical–pan-Orthodox character of the Cretan assembly, as well as regarding how much Crete represents continuity with the earlier Ecumenical Councils in matters of the faith.

At the very outset, the question arises—was the canonical minimum fulfilled in terms of the pan-Orthodox authority of the “Council”? The only possible answer is NO, because, as is well known, four Local Churches were absent from the “Council,” and for this reason alone, the pan-Orthodox–ecumenical character of the Cretan gathering can be denied. [10]

Furthermore, in various articles written prior to the “Council,” there were frequent remarks about the novel and highly problematic character of the Rules of Procedure of the “Council.”

In article 8, paragraph 2, it is essentially stated that bishops and the primates of their Local Churches are prohibited from freely positioning themselves in regard to any potentially new topics that were not unanimously agreed upon at the Pan-Orthodox Pre-Council Conferences. This, in light of the ancient manner of operation of the Church’s conciliar system, creates serious problems and essentially leads to a restriction of the right to speak—and even to its abolition. At all earlier Councils, there existed full freedom for any bishop to raise a topic for discussion and resolution. Article 9, paragraph 2, which is in fact a continuation of article 8(2), explicitly forbids any outburst by a bishop, under penalty of being deprived of the right to speak (!), if such is outside the established agenda. Quite the opposite, at all Councils of the Church there was freedom of speech for all, even for non-bishops—as we see, for example, in the debate between monks and St. Tarasius (Acts I of the Seventh Ecumenical Council). Restrictions on the right to free speech are repeated in article 10(3), where the deprivation of speech is mentioned in the case of “irrelevant dialogical disputes” among bishops, as if bishops are unaware of their mission and the dignity of their rank, and thus, supposedly, fall “into strange debates, contrary to the mission of the Council,” as the “conciliar” text states.

In article 11(2), the obligatory “principle of consensus” is prescribed for amendments to the previously pre-conciliarly agreed texts, for the purpose of shaping the final “conciliar” documents—meaning that any amendments lacking unanimous support are to be rejected. And we ask ourselves: at which Orthodox Council has there ever been a case where a dogmatic formulation (the possibility of an “amendment,” if we use the phraseology of the Cretan assembly) was denied, after which the Council continued “canonically” with its work? Let us recall what Venerable Nikodemos the Hagiorite said about the third criterion characterizing a true Ecumenical Council—the Orthodox character of its dogmas. Is it possible, then, for there to be disagreement regarding dogmatic matters, and for those who disagree to continue participating in the Council as if nothing had happened? It is evident that the so-called Holy and Great Council functioned as if it were some kind of parliament, in which members of political parties vote on an amendment to a state law, and not an assembly of pastors inspired by the Holy Spirit who are of one mind in Faith and in Truth.

Article 12(1) of the Rules of Procedure speaks about the voting on the final texts and at first glance appears to shape a conciliar spirit, but in reality establishes an anti-conciliar spirit, entirely unknown to the conciliar, Spirit-bearing, and synodal conscience of the Church. Specifically, the ancient practice of all Councils, both Local and Ecumenical, presupposed the full and equal participation of all bishop-pastors. All bishops, precisely because of the equality of their hierarchical rank, had the right to vote and were not “represented” by some “first” among them through his vote. Therefore, this new practice abolished the ancient ecclesiological principle of bishop-to-bishop equality, setting apart the primates (heads of the autocephalous Local Churches) from the other, subordinate bishops, resulting in the creation of two types of bishops—on the one hand, the primates, and on the other, all the rest of the bishops—where the essential difference distinguishing the first from the others is his right to vote and to represent the others. In this way, conciliarity has become a new model, according to which all future “councils” after Crete will operate—such “councils” already having been announced. In other words, those who praised the conciliarity of the Church have themselves abolished it in the most brutal manner possible, in order to outvote and impose their views on the others “through the conciliar process.”

Connected with article 12(1) are also articles 12(2) and 12(3) of the Rules of Procedure. In them, the undermining of the episcopal dignity (Orthodox, of course) continues, with the consequence of establishing a new type of bishop (a courtier-bishop). Specifically, in order to decide how the final texts of the “Council” will be voted upon, an internal vote of the entire delegation of each Local Church is conducted by its primate, during which disagreement is permitted—even in matters of dogma. In plain terms, it is permitted that one or more bishops may disagree, but as a minority, they must accept a decision which ultimately becomes the decision of the majority! The issue of disagreement, according to article 12(3), is an “internal matter” of each Local Church! The result of all this is the possibility that a bishop who finds himself in the minority during internal voting (e.g., on matters of dogma) [11] within his respective episcopal delegation, returns to his diocese and is then forced to preach contrary to what he had proclaimed before going to Crete. This was, in fact, the ultimate outcome of the innovative “unanimity” in adopting the final texts—at least as far as church life (under a bishop) in each of the Local Churches is concerned.

Further ratification of the decisions of the Cretan “council” is not foreseen—that is, the decisions are final, and as is explicitly stated in article 13(2), all decisions carry pan-Orthodox authority and are simply communicated within the autocephalous Local Churches for the purpose of informing the faithful in each of the holy metropolises/dioceses.

Concluding the examination of the Rules of Procedure of the “Holy and Great Council,” we may summarize what is already perfectly clear—the gathering in Crete fulfills not a single criterion of an Orthodox Council. The principles of its operation, by which the “conciliar” decisions were reached, resulted in an anti-council and, without doubt, what in ecclesiastical literature is referred to as a false council (pseudo-council). The presence of unholy, non-Orthodox bishops, both at the beginning and at the end of the “Council” (something otherwise provided for by article 14 of the Rules of Procedure), reveals to us the general tone, character, and aim of that assembly.

In article 22 of the text titled “Relations of the Orthodox Church with the Rest of the Christian World,” it states: “The Orthodox Church considers any disruption of the unity of the Church by individuals or groups under the pretext of preserving or supposedly protecting true Orthodoxy to be unacceptable.” This article is heretical, given that it violates the principle of the ecclesiological authority of the Body of the Church (all clergy, monastics, and laity together with the hierarchs, whether or not they were present at the Council), which has the right to accept or reject, subsequently, decisions of a dogmatic nature. This article, in this way, imposes decisions that are not even in agreement with the decisions of previous Orthodox Councils.

There is a clear attempt at persecution, deposition, and excommunication of those who oppose the “Holy and Great Council” on the part of the primates of the Local Churches. In view of these undeniable persecutions of those who cease the commemoration of heretical bishops within the framework of the “official governing Church,” it must become known and clear that the Orthodox Church will be preserved as a continuing reality only thanks to those who break communion with ecumenist hierarchs, and not thanks to the “official governing Church,” which, through its acceptance of ecumenism at the “Holy and Great Council,” will become ecumenist and innovative.

For this so-called Cretan council to have been Orthodox, it would have needed to:

1. Condemn the pan-heresy of ecumenism and religious syncretism;

2. Condemn the World Council of Churches as a World Council of heresies, with the proclamation that the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church is in fact the Orthodox Church, and that only within the bosom of the Orthodox Church is purification, illumination, and deification of man—i.e., salvation—attained;

3. Have been convened validly, and not as it was—with a violation of the old principle of full unanimity in the cooperation of all autocephalous Orthodox Churches;

4. Grant voting rights to all hierarchs participating, in accordance with Orthodox ecclesiology and canonical tradition, and not just to the ten autocephalous Churches following the rules of inter-Christian syncretistic organizations (better known as the World Council of “Churches”);

5. Refrain from proclaiming itself the highest authority in matters of faith, since the highest authority in regard to infallible theology is only the Body of the Church—more precisely, the Council of the present hierarchs, under the condition that dogmatic decisions are later approved by the remaining hierarchs and by the rest of the clergy, monastics, and laity, and that in accordance with Orthodox theology and canonical tradition;

6. Address the calendar question, aiming at a return to the state that existed before the introduction of the new calendar in 1924;

7. Condemn Freemasonry, chiliasm, neo-paganism, Scientology, and other new heresies and quasi-religious groups which proselytize and lead Christians away from the Orthodox Faith and the Orthodox way of life;

8. Condemn the so-called post-patristic theology—unfortunately, numerous hierarchs and theologians lacking a patristic, ascetic, and Orthodox spirit think that we no longer have need of the Fathers and that patristic theology has been surpassed in the context of our age, as though such a thing were possible (!), for we all know that the Holy Fathers are enlightening guides for every era;

9. Condemn neo-atheism, since we see that even in our own country a “Union of Atheists” has been formed, which unfortunately causes great harm to our Faith, primarily influencing the youth;

10. Condemn electronic data and civil ID cards of every kind that lead us toward the global dictatorship of the Antichrist.

After this “Council,” a new situation has arisen. As the people would say—the emperor has been driven to the wall. We cannot accept this unbearable situation until the convocation of a future Orthodox Council. Now, mere words and negative statements about the so-called Holy and Great Council are not enough. To publish in the press and on the internet from a safe distance without telling the faithful people what we must do is no longer sufficient. The most pitiful of all at this “Council” proved to be the bishops themselves, mute of tongue, for they failed to put an end to the unrestrained betrayal of our Orthodoxy by the Patriarch [Bartholomew – trans. note] and his like-minded followers. That should have been their most sacred duty, even if it required personal sacrifice. But that duty belonged not only to the bishops, but to all Orthodox Christians.

The Church of the saved consists only of “the communion of the Saints of pure Faith and virtuous life,” [12] according to St. Isidore of Pelusium. The Church of Christ is found only where the Truth is. “They do not belong to the Church of Christ who are not found in the Truth,” as St. Gregory Palamas says. [13]

As a conclusion to today’s speech and as the response of all of us who do not recognize the heretical and robber-like false council in Crete (since it introduces to us a faith different from the one handed down to us by the Holy Apostles and Fathers), I will present the reply of the four Patriarchs and the Council of the ancient Patriarchates from 1848 to Pope Pius IX of Rome. In this way, on the one hand, we will demonstrate the great gulf in Orthodox consciousness between today’s ecumenists and the then fully Orthodox Patriarchs; and on the other hand, to show that what we are asserting is not our own reasoning, that we are not asserting anything of ourselves nor inventing our own dogmas, but that we follow in everything and through everything the ancient and true Church of Christ, through our Saints, without causing schisms—for, unfortunately, it is those who conducted the Cretan “Council” and all who follow them who are the ones causing schisms:

“Our faith, brethren, did not originate from men, nor through men, but from Jesus Christ through revelation—preached by the divine Apostles, established by the Holy Ecumenical Councils, handed down from one to another by the great and wise Teachers of the universe, sealed with their blood by the holy Martyrs. Therefore, we shall hold fast to the confession which we have purely received from so many men, and we shall reject every innovation as an influence of the Evil One. Whoever accepts a new teaching acts as though he considers the Orthodox Faith that has been handed down to us to be imperfect.

But the Orthodox Faith has already been fully revealed and established; therefore, it is not possible to make any additions or subtractions or any other alterations. Thus, anyone who dares to do this—whether to carry it out, or to advise it, or even to think it—has already renounced the faith of Christ and has willingly submitted himself to eternal condemnation (anathema), blaspheming the Holy Spirit, as though the Holy Spirit had spoken imperfectly in the Holy Scriptures and at the Councils. This dreadful anathema, brethren and beloved children in Christ, we now pronounce—but it was first pronounced by our Savior Himself (Matt. 12:32): ‘Whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, nor in the world to come.’ And the divine Paul pronounced this in his Epistle to the Galatians (1:6–8): ‘I marvel that you are so soon removed from Him who called you in the grace of Christ to another gospel, which is not another; but there are some who trouble you and would pervert the gospel of Christ. But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be anathema!’ This has been declared by the Seven Ecumenical Councils and the entire assembly of the God-bearing Fathers. Thus, all those who take up the cause of innovations, heresies, or schisms have voluntarily clothed themselves, in the words of the Psalmist (Ps. 109:18), ‘with a curse as with a garment’—whether they be popes or patriarchs or clerics or laymen, even if it were an angel from heaven, let him be accursed ‘if he preaches to you anything other than what you have received.’ Such was the judgment of our Fathers, who listened to the soul-saving words of Paul, and who remained from generation to generation unshaken and steadfast in the faith. They preserved it amid so many heresies pure and unchanged, and handed it down to us whole and uncorrupted, just as it came forth from the mouths of the first servants of the Word. Thinking thus, we too shall hand it down in the same perfect form to future generations without any alteration, just as we received it, so that they also, like us, may speak without shame and reproach of the faith of their forefathers.”

Thinking in this same way, we also declare that, with the grace and help of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, and all the Saints, we will not remain silent, we will not cease from the struggle against the forces of the Antichrist, and, repeating the words of Joseph Bryennios, we will strive, following the Holy Fathers, to humbly cry out as well:

“Never shall we renounce you, beloved Orthodoxy! Never shall we betray you, piety of the Fathers! In you we were born, in you we live, and in you we shall die. And if the times demand it, we shall die for you a thousand times over.”

 

(translated from the Greek [into Serbian] by Marko Pejković)

 

NOTES

[1] The Orthodox Academy of Crete is, in fact, a complex of academic buildings in Crete owned by the Patriarchate of Constantinople, whose primary purpose is “the development of ecumenist dialogue” between the Orthodox and “other churches.” [Trans. note]

[2] At the Sixth Pan-Orthodox Pre-Council Conference (Chambésy near Geneva, October 10–17, 2015), the draft text of the Holy and Great Council titled “Relations of the Orthodox Church with the Rest of the Christian World” was approved, and it was published, in accordance with the decision of the Gathering of Primates of the Orthodox Churches also held in Chambésy near Geneva, January 21–28, 2016, at the following web address (28.1.2016): http://www.romfea.gr/diafora/6177-apofasis-sxeseis-tis-orthodojou-ekklisias-pros-ton-xristianiko-kosmo

[3] In the texts of the Cretan assembly, the term “heretic” is not mentioned at all and is instead replaced by the term “non-Orthodox.”

[4] It should be noted that the issue of marriages is by no means something new; this problem has existed literally since the very beginnings of the Church.

[5] Catechism of the Catholic Church, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2011.

[6] The changes in the form of the adoption of ecumenism (through the conciliar decree titled Unitatis Redintegratio) as a means for the unification of Christians, as well as changes related to liturgical life (liturgical reform).

[7] Maria Brun, The Impact of the Second Vatican Council on the Orthodox Church, p. 231.

[8] Ibid., pp. 232–234.

[9] Venerable Nikodemos the Hagiorite, Pedalion, Athens 1957, p. 118.

[10] Regarding this, Venerable Nikodemos the Hagiorite notes that in the case of “disagreement among Patriarchs, Ecumenical Councils are brought down to the level of Local ones,” op. cit., p. 119.

[11] The clearest example of this is the acceptance or rejection of the sixth text, whose aim was the recognition of ecclesiality in the non-Orthodox.

[12] St. Isidore of Pelusium, P.G. 78, 685A.

[13] St. Gregory Palamas, Collected Works, Vol. II, p. 627.

 

Serbian source:

https://www.eparhija-prizren.org/otac-sava-lavriot-sabor-na-kritu-u-mestu-kolimbari-sveti-i-veliki-ili-jereticki-i-razbojnicki/

Wednesday, July 30, 2025

Concerning the tares, that is, heretics, in the field/body of the Church

Adamantios Tsakiroglou, philologist and historian

 

It has been forewarned by the Fathers and has been confirmed not a few times, that in the times we are living in, confusion and delusion will reign. The pan-heresy of Ecumenism is based upon this confusion and delusion—along with indifference, lack of catechesis and ecclesiastical mindset, secularization, and fear—and extends its tentacles like an octopus, constantly changing color and ejecting dark ink to obscure consciences, while at the same time sowing discord among the Christians who oppose it. One of the views that confuse, mislead, and divide the anti-heretical struggle is the view concerning invalid Mysteries. This view, even if it stems from well-intentioned zeal—that is, the unwillingness to accept that the all-holy and spotless Church may, for a time, have rotten/heretical members within its body—divides the flock and is not based on patristic proofs, but on erroneous interpretations.

As a response to this view, I will present scriptural sources and certain patristic interpretations related to them, through which it is made clear that until Her cleansing by a Council, the Church has tares/heretics in Her field/body. Her spotless and all-holy character is evident in the fact that despite the existence of the tares/heretics, She is not altered, since through Her healthy members who remain—through right faith—in unbroken union with Her spotless Head, the Lord Jesus Christ, She does not accept any false doctrine of the pseudo-shepherds, the heretical ones; on the contrary, through the severance of communion, She condemns their heretical false teachings and, finally, synodally uproots them from the field of the Lord, cuts them off from Her body, and places them outside Herself. Already in the Old Testament, the existence of tares in the field of the Lord is mentioned.

Isaiah writes (5:4): “What shall I yet do to My vineyard that I have not done in it? For I waited for it to bring forth grapes, but it brought forth thorns.” (What remains for Me to do still for this My vineyard, and what have I until now not done for it? I did everything, so that it might bear grapes. But it produced thorns!) This saying, according to the Fathers, does not refer only to the Jews but also to the Christians who stray from the Faith and, instead of bearing fruit, wound—as thorns—the laborers in the vineyard.

But Jeremiah also presents the people of Israel as “a fruitful vine, entirely true,” which, although it was chosen and planted by God Himself, “turned to bitterness, the strange vine”—that is, it became estranged and turned away from God, resulting in its degeneration and its failure to bear fruit (Jer. 2:21; 8:13; 12:10). But God (6:8–9), perceiving the prophet’s disappointment, tells him that He chastens in order to bring Israel to understanding: “Be instructed, O Jerusalem, lest My soul be alienated from you; lest I make you a desolate land, which shall not be inhabited,” and He urges him to go back into the vineyard and patiently seek the fruits that are hidden among the foliage of the barren trunks: “Glean, glean as a vine the remnant of Israel; return as one who gathers grapes into his basket.” And Ezekiel foresees the punishment of Israel, the burning of the “worthless vine” (Ezek. 15:1–8), which nevertheless still has some value on account of its fruit (Ezek. 15:1–3).

The same images continue also in the New Testament. Thus, we encounter the parable of the vine (John 15:1–8), in which every branch that does not bear fruit is cut off, cast out from the vine, and withers; the Kingdom of Heaven is like a net that gathered all kinds of fish, both good and useless, but the useless ones are sorted out and thrown away (Matt. 13:49–52); and like a field with wheat, but also with tares, which were not sown by Christ but secretly at night by the enemy, the devil (Matt. 13:24). The parables resemble each other, but the ones concerning the vine and the tares are those that have received particular interpretation by the Fathers and various enlightened commentators. I present first the interpretation of St. John Chrysostom on the parable of the tares:

“In the parable of the Sower, Christ did not speak to us about tares, but here He does. There, He speaks about those who paid no attention to Him at all, but withdrew and rejected the seed. Whereas here, He speaks about the ways of heretics… That parable says they did not receive the teaching, but this one says that they did receive it—and [yet] are deceivers. For this too is a method of the Devil: to always cunningly serve delusion together with truth. He shows that delusion can exist after the truth—something which the very facts themselves confirm.”

It is astounding how Christ explains to us the timing of the heretics’ activity: “while men slept.”

“After the prophets came the false prophets, after the apostles the false apostles, and after Christ the Antichrist.”

But what is the difference between the seed that fell by the wayside and the tares? That the former was immediately snatched away, whereas in this case it took root (i.e., within the Church) and to be uprooted requires attentiveness.

Therefore, Christ tells us all these things so that we may never become complacent, but always remain vigilant.

“Destruction comes through sleep. Therefore, constant vigilance is required. That is why He also said, ‘He who endures to the end, he shall be saved.’ Many of the leaders placed within the churches wicked men who were crypto-heretics… in the beginning, they carefully conceal their delusion… but when they become emboldened and someone allows them to speak, then they pour out their poison.”

What the Saint teaches us is terrifying. Leaders of the Church placed the crypto-heretics on archiepiscopal thrones and in the temples. Now even the most unlearned can understand the method of the Ecumenists. During all the time when the “pious” were sleeping instead of overseeing, and were attending name-day celebrations of colleagues (see: Patras), the Ecumenists were seizing one throne after another with their obedient instruments and were altering the faith of the flock. And because instead of councils and condemnations they had to face only paper wars and conferences, their task became extremely easy. And to those who teach that Christ forbade councils, we respond: But Christ did not forbid councils that condemn heretics and safeguard the wheat, but rather wars and bloodshed. After all, together with the heretics, many Orthodox might have been killed, or perhaps some—who until then were part of the group of tares—might have ultimately been transformed into wheat…

“If then, in anticipating them, you uproot them, you do harm to those who are about to become wheat, removing those who are able to change and become better. Therefore, He does not forbid restraining heretics, silencing them, cutting off their boldness, dissolving their assemblies and their alliances, but [He forbids] putting them to death and slaughtering them.”

(On the Gospel of Matthew 46, 2; P.G. 58, 477, the modern Greek translation is from here:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByZQkrKg4yKLNGl0aDRXWHNiUDg/view)

It is clear that St. John Chrysostom speaks of the existence of tares within the body of the Church without questioning Her spotless character, since the true members and not the false ones (here is the proper definition of the pseudo-shepherds from the 15th Canon) are not suffocated by the tares. On the contrary, he teaches us that God tolerates these tares for a certain period—which He alone determines—in case they might repent and be transformed into wheat, but also in order to safeguard, test, and reveal the truly faithful. After that period, however, the Church synodally condemns the heresy and cuts it off from Her all-holy body. This is confirmed also by the Apostle Paul, who says, “For there must also be factions [Gr. haireseis, literally “heresies”] among you, that those who are approved may be made manifest among you” (1 Cor. 11:19). Even if this passage uses the word heresy to speak rather of divisions and disturbances, many interpreters understand it literally also as referring to heresies, since every transgression of the commandments of the Lord can be interpreted as heresy (see: adultery [moechianism]).

Incidentally, this passage constitutes yet another proof against the theory of the optional application of the Holy Canons, because if that theory were valid, how would the approved be made manifest? On the contrary, by not applying the Holy Canons—especially those that refer to the treatment of heretics, and in this case the 15th Canon—they oppose the word of Paul, and the approved will not be made manifest.

We continue concerning the tares. Zigabenos writes, agreeing with Chrysostom about them:

Just as the tares resemble the wheat in the stalk, but differ in the fruit—and they are harmful to the wheat—so also the heretics resemble the Orthodox in outward appearance, but differ in virtue, which is the fruit. And virtue and fruit, above all, is the truth of the dogmas. And just as the tares, until the time of bearing fruit, grow together unnoticed, and only then are discerned, so also the heretics, until they begin to teach, pass their time unnoticed. But when they acquire much boldness, then they pour out their poison and are discerned. That is why He also said beforehand: ‘By their fruits you shall know them.’ And likewise, when Christ was sowing, heretics did not appear; but when the Orthodox grew, then they emerged.”

(Euthymios Zigabenos, Commentary on the Four Gospels, Volume I, Part One, ch. 13, 26)

The tares / heretics at first are not visible (so then, as long as they are not visible, what is the Church? Defiled or spotless? And what happens with the Mysteries they perform? Are they valid or invalid? Do they have Mysteries? And if yes, then are we all without Baptism, etc.?). However, they are harmful to the Christians. That is why, when they become manifest through their preaching, they must necessarily—by God’s command—be cut off.

On this, the late Fr. George Kapsanis writes:

“Indeed, heresies constitute tares sown by the evil one into the field of the Church in order to thwart the salvation of men. In the Church’s struggle against heresies, the contribution of monasticism has been significant.”

The same is said by St. Cyril of Alexandria, in his explanation of “I am the true Shepherd” and the parable of the vine (Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary or Exposition on the Gospel according to John, P.G. 74). And the Encyclical Response of the Synod in Constantinople of 1895 to Pope Leo XIII states, among other things, the following:

“Every pious and Orthodox soul, sincerely zealous for the glory of God, is deeply grieved and seized with great sorrow, seeing that the hater of good and murderer of man from the beginning, driven by envy of human salvation, does not cease at any time to sow various tares in the field of the Lord, in order to obscure the wheat. Hence, from the beginning, heretical tares have sprouted in the Church of God, which in many ways have afflicted and continue to afflict the salvation in Christ of the human race, and which, as evil seeds and decayed members, are justly cut off from the healthy body of the Orthodox Catholic Church of Christ.”

It is important to note that the same teaching is evident in the Lord’s letters to the Churches of Asia Minor in the Apocalypse (chapters 2–3). The Lord calls the bishops of the Churches, even though they do not act entirely according to His commandments (except for those of Smyrna and Philadelphia) and permit within their ranks the growth of tares/heretics—mainly Nicolaitans and false prophets (the last of the seven, the bishop of Laodicea, has entirely deviated from right doctrine)—“angels,” and He nonetheless grants them a time for repentance, on the condition that they will correct themselves and uproot from the field the tares that have sprouted. Therefore, they were still—according to the Lord (!!!)—within the Church. The Lord gave them time to remain within His body, but in the end, He removed their lampstands and they were lost.

St. Ignatius the God-bearer warns:

“Where the shepherd is, there follow as sheep; for many wolves, clothed in sheep’s clothing, with evil pleasure take captive those who are on the way of God; but in your unity they will have no place. Therefore, abstain from the evil herbs, which Jesus Christ does not cultivate, but the man-killing beast does, because they are not the planting of the Father, but the seed of the evil one.”

(Ignatius of Antioch, To the Philippians, TLG, Epistle 6, chapter 2, section 1, line 1)

The tares, that is, “the evil herbs,” are the sowing of the evil one. Until their cutting off from the Church, they may remain as members—yet members from whom good Christians, the wheat, must distance themselves so as not to be corrupted (“evil company corrupt good morals” 1 Cor. 15:33), not to be defiled, not to be choked by their teaching.

And again, Chrysostom shows us the Church’s teaching concerning the tares and the necessity of a council that will judge and cleanse the field of the Lord—the Church, not the world in general (“Discourse concerning false prophets and false teachers and impious heretics…”):

“But let us return to the subject at hand; for the discourse is about the end, and about false prophets, and false teachers, and about impious heretics, who have flooded in everywhere like a torrent and lead many astray. And how has this come about? Clearly from the ignorance and inexperience of those in authority; for where there is inexperience in shepherds, there is the ruin of the sheep. What then shall I say first…

“Nevertheless, for the present it is necessary to present them from the Holy Scriptures as enemies of Christ and as wolves of His flock, driven everywhere and cast out from the sheep of Christ. Therefore, they were rightly called wolves by the prophets, by the very Master Himself, and by the blessed apostles; and not only wolves, but also plagues, impious, adversaries, enemies, conspirators, blasphemers, hypocrites, thieves, robbers, abominable ones, false prophets, false teachers, blind guides, deceivers, evil ones, antichrists, scandals, sons of the evil one, tares, and atheists… Jude, the brother of James, said: 'Certain men have crept in unnoticed, who were long beforehand written about for this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.' And again he says: 'In the last times there will be mockers, walking after their own ungodly lusts.' These are they who feed themselves without fear, waterless clouds, carried about by every wind, wandering stars, for whom the blackness of darkness has been reserved forever. These and more than these are what Jude, the good one, exhorts us concerning...

“And the philanthropic God … inclined the heavens and came down, and ordered all things for the salvation of our race, and in all things gave example, both doing and teaching. Then, wishing to teach how those who are to preside over the Churches should drive out the heretics, He made a scourge of cords and, entering in, cast them all out of the temple, and He drove them away and expelled them...

“Hear this, you who preside over the Churches. For to you He showed the good example, that you may follow in His footsteps, being vigilant in all things and driving out the wolves and guarding the flock. And after Him … also the holy synods held from time to time, having uprooted those who remained unrepentant, delivered them over to destruction, according to what is written: 'Thou shalt destroy all those who speak falsehood…'”

And elsewhere:

“The diligent among the farmers, when they see a tree that is fruitless and wild, damaging their labor, and through the harshness of its root and the heaviness of its shade ruining the cultivated plants, with great zeal cut it down with haste. And often a wind arising from somewhere assists them in the cutting: striking the top of the tree and shaking it with great force, it breaks it down and casts it to the ground, thus relieving them of most of the toil. So then, since we also are cutting down a wild and untamed tree—the heresy of the Anomoeans—let us beseech God to send us the grace of the Spirit, that a wind more forceful than all may strike it and uproot the heresy entirely, relieving us of the greater part of the labor.

For already, indeed, land that has been left uncultivated and has not benefited from the hands of farmers has often brought forth from its own bosom evil herbs, a multitude of thorns, and wild trees. In the same way, the soul of the Anomoeans, having been made desolate and not having enjoyed the attentive care of the Scriptures, has from within itself produced this wild and untamed heresy. For this tree was not planted by Paul, nor watered by Apollos, nor made to grow by God; rather, it was planted by untimely curiosity of thoughts, watered by the arrogance of madness, and grew by the passion of vainglory.

“And we need the flame of the Spirit—not only that we may uproot, but also that we may burn up this evil root. Let us then call upon Him—the God who is blasphemed by them, but glorified by us—and let us beseech Him, so that He may stir our tongue to a more vigorous course and open our understanding to a clearer comprehension of what is being said. For all our labor is on His behalf and for His glory—rather, it is for the sake of our own salvation.”

(John Chrysostom, On the Incomprehensible [Against the Anomoeans, Homily 1], TLG, Homily 3, line 160)

Many times, then, according to Chrysostom, tares/heresies have appeared in the Church, and the shepherds were called to “drive out the heretics” and to convene a council: “and the holy synods held from time to time, having uprooted those who remained unrepentant, delivered them over to destruction.” From the moment of their cutting off and afterward, it is understood that these tares, these branches, no longer constitute members of the vineyard, of the field, and they wither. But until their cutting off, they are regarded as rotten, diseased members of the same field.

And St. Theodore the Studite agrees with Chrysostom, both concerning the tares/heresies and the necessity of a synod that will expel them:

“For the phrase ‘having neither spot nor wrinkle,’ to repeat it again, is to be understood in this way: that it does not admit impious dogmas and unlawful undertakings. Moreover, even the forbidden dispositions held by their perpetrators, as the divine Basil somewhere says, are not to be tolerated; and to such people the great Paul does not even permit sharing a meal. For from the time of the Apostles and afterwards, many heresies have been grafted onto her in various ways, and godless and uncanonical defilements have prevailed, just as is the case now. Yet she, in the previously mentioned manner, has remained undivided and spotless, and will remain so unto the ages, with all those who think or act wickedly being removed and cast out from her—just like waves that crash against an immovable and rocky cliff.”

(P.G.  99, 1001/04; Fatres 28, 79, 123)

St. Theodore is known to rely on St. Basil the Great. In the following passages, it is evident that St. Basil considers heretics to be within the Church (who, of course, must be neutralized by the right-believing faithful and eventually cut off from Her), yet as tares. He also appears to make a certain distinction between those who are ignorant—as weaker believers—and the conscious Spirit-fighters (Pneumatomachians).

“The so-called darnel, and all other illegitimate seeds mixed with the nourishing ones—those which Scripture customarily calls tares—do not come from a transformation of the wheat, but have arisen from their own origin, possessing a distinct nature. These fulfill the image of those who corrupt the teachings of the Lord and are not genuinely instructed in the word, but have been corrupted through the teaching of the evil one, mixing themselves into the healthy body of the Church in order to, from concealment, cast their own harm upon the more intact [members].”

(P.G. 29, 114)

The Church does not lose Her spotless character because there are tares within Her ranks. Her teaching remains pure as long as there are (and there will always be) even three faithful who rightly believe and rightly live, since according to His promise, “the gates of hell shall not prevail against her.” And we do not, of course, know to what extent the apostasy will reach in the time of the last days (nor exactly when the last days will come), but in any case, the faithful will always distance themselves and separate themselves from those inclined toward heresy, they will not have communion with them, and they will convene Synods which will give them the opportunity to repent—and if not, will condemn them and uproot them from the field of God. This constitutes a duty of the faithful and of the shepherds, not an optional possibility.

And in Epistle 114:

“You are to accept the Symbol of Faith,” and “in this confession of Faith you must also add that the Holy Spirit must not be called a creature, and that there must assuredly be no communion with those who call Him a creature, so that the Church of God may remain pure and not have tares* mixed within her.”

“…You are to confess the faith delivered by our Fathers, by those who once gathered in Nicaea… and that the Holy Spirit must not be called a creature, nor indeed must there be communion with those who say so, in order that the Church of God may be pure, having no tares mixed in with her.”

(*) Tares are heretics. Therefore, according to St. Basil the Great, heretics are not “brethren” with a different understanding of the one Gospel, but “the sowing of the Devil” (cf. Matt. 13:24–30).

(Commentary and interpretation by the late [Monk] Nikodemos Bilalis, vol. 4, pp. 24–28.)

But also according to the holy Dositheos of Jerusalem (Dodekabiblos), “heresy, when it arises and spreads, is judged and condemned by the Ecumenical Council,” which is “greater than the Local Synods” and the “final criterion of the entire Church” (Dodekabiblos, Book IV, ch. 10, § 3, pp. 456–457, and Book III, ch. 15, § 19, p. 171).

The Saint states clearly that Synods set forth the Orthodox teaching and called the heretics to repentance. In the case of the heretics’ persistence in their beliefs, the Fathers condemned them and cut them off from the body of the Church, in order that “the Church of God might remain pure, having no tares mixed within her.”

In the Tome of Joy (1705, p. 42) by the same holy Dositheos, we read from the acts of the Council of 879/880 under St. Photios the Great:

“First, we are to admonish them and exhort them, and if they are not willing to obey us, then we are to cut them off as diseased members, so that the healthy body may not also perish because of them.”

A characteristic passage is found in the Acts of the Fourth Session of the Seventh Ecumenical Council. There it is said that the holy Fathers fulfill the word of Christ—that is, to place the lamp of divine knowledge “on the lampstand” so that it may shine for all who are in the house, and not to hide it “under the bushel.” In this way, those who piously confess the Lord are aided to walk the path of salvation without stumbling. The holy Fathers

“cast out every heretical delusion, and if a member is found to be incurably diseased, they cut it off; and holding the winnowing fan, they cleanse the threshing floor, and the wheat—that is, the nourishing word that strengthens the heart of man—they store in the granary of the Catholic Church, while the chaff of heretical false teaching, having been cast out, they burn with unquenchable fire.”

I also cite a libellus addressed to Patriarch Menas. In it, the monks thank the Patriarch (as well as Emperor Justinian) for proceeding with the examination of the case of the heretical patriarch Anthimos, and since he “disobeyed,” they condemned him. They also thank God, they write, because through the Council He was pleased “to cleanse His Church and present it to Himself as always, glorious, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing of heretical tares” (T.L.G., Concilia Oecumenica (ACO): Synodus Constantinopolitana et Hierosolymitana anno 536: Tome 3, p. 38, l. 31). Thus, the Council cleanses the Church of the rotten members—the heretics—without Her ever losing Her spotless character, because some of Her members disobeyed and fell away.

Canon 13 of the First-Second Council writes:

“The utterly evil one, having sown the tares of heretics in the Church of Christ, and seeing these being cut off at the root by the sword of the Spirit, has resorted to another method, attempting through the madness of the schismatics to divide the Body of Christ.”

(Pedalion, 13th of the First-Second Council, ed. V. Rigopoulos, Thessaloniki 2003, p. 357).

The Canon tells us that one method of the evil one is the sowing of tares in the field of the Church, with the aim of thwarting the salvation of the faithful. But when the tares are cut off by the sword of the Spirit—expressed through the councils—then the devil resorts to other methods.

The above—that is, that only the synod has the right to cut off the tares, the branches, the putrefied members, and that until their cutting off they are considered members of the Church—is proven by the prologue of the encyclical, patriarchal and synodal letter of the Patriarchate of Constantinople from 1895. In its prologue, which we cited above but is worth repeating, it states:

“Every pious and Orthodox soul, sincerely zealous for the glory of God, is deeply grieved and seized with great sorrow, seeing that the hater of good and murderer of man from the beginning, driven by envy of human salvation, does not cease at any time to sow various tares in the field of the Lord, in order to obscure the wheat. Hence, from the beginning, heretical tares have sprouted in the Church of God, which in many ways have afflicted and continue to afflict the salvation in Christ of the human race, and which, as putrefied members, are cut off from the healthy body of the Orthodox Catholic Church of Christ.

I add lastly St. Nektarios, who summarizes the above while at the same time emphasizing the duty of the shepherds—a duty which today has become the subject of lectures, literature, and press releases devoid of substance:

“The shepherd is obliged to guard his sheep from the mouths of wolves; when they stray from the fold, he must laboriously run after them to bring them back; if one is lost, he must enter the forests and the thickets, climb the mountains and hills, tread upon thorns and briars in order to find it; once he has found it, with joy and gladness he must place it upon his shoulders and bring it back to the flock along with the others. He is obliged to lead the whole flock to saving pastures and to keep it far from the poisonous herbs [i.e., tares] of heresy, far from the turbid waters of false doctrine. In this manner he shepherds: urging the sheep on or calling them back, encouraging or warning, moving or resting, threatening or soothing, with the spiritual flute of salvific teaching—which must never be absent from his mouth. It is therefore evident that such pastoral care becomes more difficult and laborious where there abound either foul and stinking waters, or poisonous and diseased herbs, or steep, rugged, and wild ravines, or wolves and other bloodthirsty and ravaging beasts… When even these efforts are of no avail, and nothing proves effective, what remains is the abandonment of the stiff-necked one and despair; and finally, the rejection and separation from him as from something defiled and profane, and the cutting off from the body of the Church as a member already dead and putrefied, in order that he may not transmit his corruption and decay to the remaining healthy members.”

(Vlasia D. Kaskanioti, Church, Schism and Heresy according to St. Nektarios, doctoral dissertation, Thessaloniki, 2015.)

 

Greek source:

https://web.archive.org/web/20231124035729/https://eugenikos.blogspot.com/2020/02/blog-post_43.html

Important personal clarification

I post texts and articles I find enlightening, informative, and thought-provoking. I do not necessarily agree with every point raised by their respective authors, but I do consider them all, to one degree or another, spiritually profitable.

I hope my readers do as well.

Patriarch Bartholomew speaks of creating a (pan-religious) “common sacred worldview”

The Ecumenical Patriarch explained what unites God, Allah, Brahman, and the Luminous Void.

July 29, 2025


On July 29, 2025, in Istanbul, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew delivered a keynote address at the Meeting of the World Council of Religions for Peace titled “Contradictions and Preconditions of Interreligious Dialogue,” in which he presented a vision for the creation of a “common sacred worldview” as a response to the challenges of the modern world.

(https://ec-patr.org/keynote-address-by-his-all-holiness-ecumenical-patriarch-bartholomew-at-the-meeting-of-the-world-council-of-religions-for-peace-istanbul-july-29-2025/)

Patriarch Bartholomew identified the primary problem of our time as the dominance of a “reductive materialist worldview” which, he said, “reduces human flourishing exclusively to its material dimension and systematically excludes any reference to the Sacred.”

According to the Patriarch, this worldview leads to the “distortion of the concept of human completeness” which in turn “promotes isolation, exploitation, and environmental destruction.” In such a paradigm, “ceases to be conceived as a relational being, founded on a transcendent reality, and is converted into an autonomous unit that claims its well-being at the expense of others and of the natural world.”

As a countermeasure, Patriarch Bartholomew proposed the creation of a “common sacred worldview” – a framework intended to serve as “a theoretical foundation for collective sacred flourishing.” He emphasized that this is not “an attempt to create a new, syncretistic religion, nor a substitution for the unique worldviews that characterise each religious tradition.”

“This framework is articulated around four fundamental pillars, which constitute a holistic view of reality. At the centre lies the Sacred itself, the ultimate, absolute reality, which is expressed in various ways, as God, Allah, Brahman or as the Luminous Void,” the Patriarch said. He explained that human beings are “by definition relational, precisely because they are founded on the Sacred.”

He noted that the power of such a “common sacred worldview” lies “in the attempt to bridge the chasm between faith and science.”

“Drawing from the modern discoveries of quantum mechanics and biology, it challenges the dominant mechanistic models of the universe, projecting instead an image of purposefulness and interconnected wholeness that coordinates with the spiritual perspectives,” Patriarch Bartholomew declared.

He further stressed that “the polyphony of religions, like the multiplicity of languages, is a barrier that must be overcome.”

According to the Patriarch, the aim of this “common sacred worldview” is “the creation of a meta-linguistic system of reference, of a meeting place that will permit the 'translation' of the individual sacred truths into a commonly understood terminology, capable of articulating speech towards the contemporary world.”

“We are not called, therefore, to compose a new global religion of consensus. We are called, each from the standpoint of his faith, to constitute a global alliance of conscience, a prophetic testimony that will keep open the horizon of transcendence in a world threatened with asphyxiation within the confines of the material. Our unity is not founded on what we believe in common, but on our common love for humanity and on our common reference to the mystery of the one God. This is the only viable peace,” concluded Patriarch Bartholomew.

Earlier, the UOJ reported that Archbishop Elpidophoros of the Constantinople Patriarchate stated that all religions are myriad paths leading to the one God:

https://spzh.eu/en/news/81329-fanar-vse-religii--eto-miriady-tropinok-vedushhije-k-odnomu-bogu

 

Source: https://spzh.eu/en/news/87431-patriarch-bartholomew-speaks-of-creating-a-common-sacred-worldview

 

On Orthodox Sociability

Source: from the address "Genuine Nobility: Monasticism and Sociability," by Hieromonk Klemes Agiokyprianites (now Metropolitan of...