Friday, December 26, 2025

Acquisition and Loss of the Prayer

Narration of an Elder:

I was helping with the preparations for the feast of a Cell. The Elder of the Cell, who was very skilled and fast, kept saying to me: "Hurry up, bring that, go there..." I couldn’t bear so much pressure, but I did everything in obedience.

At that very moment, while I was struggling to prepare a meal for forty fathers—and doing it all with great eagerness—the prayer entered within me and my heart began to say the [Jesus] Prayer on its own, without any effort.

Oh, what exultation! I cannot describe it. My heart began to say the prayer, and from my mouth came forth a heavenly fragrance. And all this, because I obeyed a stranger; he was not my Elder. The Grace of God came and overshadowed me.

I had this Grace for about a quarter of an hour, while I was still working, and the Elder of the Cell noticed nothing.

Then another brother came and said to me in a somewhat abrupt manner:

— Why did you take the frying pan from me?

— Get out of here, you possessed one, that I took your frying pan!... We’re drowning in work!...

And as soon as I said that to him, the prayer departed from within me.

The next day, I went to Father Ephraim of Katounakia and told him everything that had happened to me.

He answered me:

"My child, the Grace of the Holy Spirit came and overshadowed you, but you were not worthy for it to remain, because you have pride. If, at that moment, you had said to him: 'Forgive me, I took the frying pan...', you would have heard the demon shrieking like a pig, howling.

"He was placed there by the tempter, and God allowed it in order to test you—whether you were worthy for the prayer to remain within you."

 

Source: Ἀσκητικὴ καὶ Ἡσυχαστικὴ Ἁγιορείτικη Παράδοση [Ascetic and Hesychastic Athonite Tradition], published by the Holy Hesychasterion “Saint John the Forerunner,” p. 377.

Shared by the Metropolis of Oropos and Phyle:

https://www.imoph.org/pdfs/2025/12/21/20251221aApoleiaEyxhs.pdf

 

Thursday, December 25, 2025

Why did St. Seraphim of Sophia (+1950) return to the Moscow Patriarchate after fleeing Russia in 1920?




(…)

The souls of Orthodox Christians in Bulgaria sank into new sorrows when, in 1944, power passed into the hands of the Bulgarian communists, who were supported by the Soviet authorities. [*] For the long-suffering Russian émigrés, most of whom were spiritual children of Saint Seraphim, this meant that they would be subjected to new persecutions, repressions, forcible repatriation to Russia, unlawful confiscation of property, and to all the newly introduced methods of the godless authorities to be physically and spiritually broken, even to be declared enemies of the Fatherland.

The same danger hung over Saint Seraphim, all the more so since he was well known to the Russian special services as a member of the Synod of the ROCOR, from which, by force of the new circumstances, he was territorially cut off, but not in spirit. The agents of the Soviet services knew of his monarchist views. Reports had also reached them about sermons of the hierarch that openly condemned the atheistic authorities. It seemed that storm-laden black clouds were gathering over Archbishop Seraphim, who governed the Russian church communities.

But the holy pastor did not look toward the earthly sky; rather, he sang with the prophet: “They have strength, but I flee to You, for God is my defender” (Ps. 58:10). “Look mercifully upon me and have mercy on me; give Your strength to Your servant, and save the son of Your handmaid; show me signs for good” (Ps. 85:16–17).

Having from his youth desired to enter the podvig of voluntary martyrdom, the hierarch humbly and unwaveringly followed the will of God and, as a good pastor, was ready even to lay down his life for the sheep of his rational flock. At this most difficult moment for the Russian emigration, Saint Seraphim made the decision to pass into the diocese of the Moscow Patriarchate. [118] As with every step in his equal-to-the-angels life, this step too followed the single law that was important for the hierarch—the divine law of love:

Saint Seraphim passed to the Moscow Patriarchate in order to preserve his flock from the lawlessness of the communists. Painfully zealous for the truths of the faith, the hierarch did not undertake this action of his rashly or without principle. After the Second World War, the Church in Russia for the first time felt a breath of freedom—albeit limited, yet still allowing it to exercise soul-saving care for the Orthodox Christians who had until recently been persecuted. [**] The hierarch’s loving, childlike trusting heart saw in this an opportunity to help the homeland.

A stranger to all political interests and intrigues, Saint Seraphim managed to preserve the inner freedom of church life and of his flock in Bulgaria, untouched by the brazen encroachment of the ruling godless authorities. Truly meek, he rose in defense of the wronged—a true guardian angel of the souls entrusted to him, whom he continued to instruct in the apostolic faith and the life according to it.

Holiness is rarely understood by the blinded reason of the sinner, whose mind often wanders between truth and falsehood, between good and evil. Righteousness is useless to the unrighteous, just as the sun is to diseased eyes. And the truth about the works of holiness is always hidden from the eyes of the vainly curious, as it is written: “But the spiritual man examines all things, yet he himself is examined by no one” (1 Cor. 2:15).

The worthy pastor did not utter a single flattering word about the communists. He never addressed any reproach whatsoever toward his brother archpastors of the ROCOR. Silently, without complaint, with complete renunciation, with spiritual joy, the hierarch bore this new, extraordinary, and complex cross of life laid upon him by the holy right hand of God. Together with this cross, the very life of the archpastor was transformed into an unceasing miracle, taking place before the eyes of many witnesses:

The communists left the widows of Russian émigrés without housing, but through the prayers of Saint Seraphim the courts returned their homes to them, and the helpless women found firm protection from all manner of injustices. After the invasion of Bulgaria by Soviet troops in 1944, numerous arrests of Russian émigré White Guards followed; they were often sent back to the Soviet Union, where they were subjected to unheard-of cruelties. The wonderworking prayer of their archpastor Seraphim delivered many such families from grief—some court cases were terminated seemingly without cause; one woman was even released without any charges being brought against her. All the faithful children of the saint knew who their benefactor was in the name of the Lord. The godless communist government persecuted wealthy Bulgarians with particular severity. Respected members of society were declared unscrupulous profiteers; special lists were published with the names of those who, according to the false accusations of the authorities, had “illegally enriched themselves.” It was terrible to find oneself on such a list: the authorities confiscated all the property of the accused; destroyed or closed shops, factories, and enterprises; subjected the owners themselves to humiliation, harassment, and imprisonment, while their relatives fell into very difficult circumstances.

(…)

 

[* Translator note: “September 9 remains one of the most controversial and tragic dates in Bulgarian history. The 1944 coup d’état, often described as the greatest national catastrophe of the 20th century, marked the violent seizure of power by the Fatherland Front with decisive support from the Soviet Union. Overnight, Bulgaria’s political and social order was overturned, and the country embarked on nearly half a century of totalitarian rule that would transform every aspect of national life…

“September 9 did not simply change a government. It fundamentally restructured Bulgaria’s political system, economy, and society. Private property was gradually nationalized, agriculture forcibly collectivized, and the Orthodox Church placed under strict state control.

“The monarchy itself was abolished in 1946 after a manipulated referendum, and Bulgaria was declared a ‘People’s Republic.’ The Communist Party, following the Soviet model, monopolized power and installed a regime that brooked no dissent. Civil liberties disappeared, censorship became absolute, and all opposition was eliminated.” Source:

https://www.novinite.com/articles/234286/September+9%2C+1944%3A+The+Coup+That+Crushed+Bulgaria%E2%80%99s+Future]

118. A petition of 15 April 1945 to Patriarch Alexy, in whose person the trusting and love-filled Saint Seraphim saw a good hope for a change in the governance of the Russian Church in the direction of its once again becoming spiritually independent of the Soviet authorities. In fact, the saint received permission to transfer only at the beginning of 1946.

[** Translator note: “On 7 October 1941, Joseph Stalin does something that only a few months previously would have been unthinkable: he lifts the ban on religion in order to boost morale. This is one of a series of moves that Stalin makes to reintroduce defunct aspects of Russian Empire ways, such as removing Commissars from the decision-making process at all army headquarters. Due to previous persecution, in 1941 there are only about 500 churches remaining open out of the 54,000 in existence prior to World War I. However, this decision by Stalin permits thousands of Russian Orthodox churches to reopen until there ultimately are 22,000 in the 1950s.” Source:

https://worldwartwodaily.filminspector.com/2018/12/october-7-1941-stalin-gets-religion.html]

 

Bulgarian source:

https://bulgarian-orthodox-church.org/rr/vita/st_Bulgarian_martyrs/st_Seraphim_Sofia.html

 

 

On the views of St. Seraphim of Boguchar regarding the dispute between Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) and Archbishop Theophan (Bystrov)

[1]

 The published document is a letter of the well-known ascetic of piety, Bishop (and subsequently Archbishop) Seraphim (Sobolev), to Archbishop Benjamin (Fedchenkov). The reason for the appearance of the letter is accusations of heresy directed by Archbishop Benjamin against Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky). Bishop Seraphim, although he is an opponent of Metropolitan Anthony’s teaching on the redemption, speaks out against such accusations. In his letter, Bishop Seraphim also adduces a number of interesting facts characterizing the attitude of the righteous John of Kronstadt toward Archbishop Theophan (Bystrov) and Grigory Rasputin.

***

A person with long white beard and hat

AI-generated content may be incorrect.

Archbishop Seraphim (in the world—Nikolai Borisovich Sobolev) is one of the most venerated ascetics of piety in Bulgaria and in Russia and one of the most authoritative apologists of Orthodoxy.

The hierarch was born in 1881; he graduated from the Ryazan Theological Seminary and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy. In 1908 he was awarded the academic degree “candidate of theology” for the work “The Teaching on Humility According to the Philokalia.” In 1908 he was ordained a hieromonk; thereafter he taught at the Pastoral School in Zhytomyr and at the Kaluga and Kostroma Theological Seminaries. In 1912 Fr. Seraphim was elevated to the rank of archimandrite and was appointed rector of the Voronezh Theological Seminary. Together with the retreating troops of General A. I. Denikin, Archimandrite Seraphim departed for Southern Russia. In accordance with a decision of the Higher Church Administration of Southern Russia, in 1920, on the feast of the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos, Archimandrite Seraphim was consecrated Bishop of Lubny, vicar of the Poltava Diocese. In November of the same year the archpastor left Russia, and in 1921 he headed the Russian parishes in Bulgaria. That same year the hierarch received from Patriarch Tikhon a new title—Bishop of Boguchar. In 1938 he was awarded the academic degree “Master of Theology” for the work “The New Teaching on Sophia, the Wisdom of God,” and was included in the membership of the Scholarly Committee of the Bishops’ Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR). In 1944 Archbishop Seraphim transferred from the jurisdiction of the Bishops’ Synod to the subordination of the Moscow Patriarchate. [2] The archpastor reposed on the feast of the Triumph of Orthodoxy on 26 February 1950. In 2010 his name was included in the calendar of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR).

Archbishop Seraphim is known as the author of a number of works. To the archpastor belong writings against the teaching of Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky) on the redemption and against the teaching of Protopresbyter Sergius Bulgakov on Sophia [the Divine Wisdom of God]. The ideal of Orthodox monarchy is expressed by the hierarch in the works “Russian Ideology” and “On the True Monarchist Worldview.” In 1948 the archbishop participated in the Pan-Orthodox Conference in Moscow, where he delivered reports on the Anglican hierarchy, on the ecumenical movement, and on the new calendar style. In the final years of his life the hierarch actively fought against renovationist tendencies in the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.

The epistolary legacy of Archbishop Seraphim is in fact unknown to researchers. The principal obstacle to the study of the archpastor’s letters is that the archive of the Russian parish in Sofia was destroyed together with the church of St. Nicholas during an attack by British aviation on 30 March 1944. The letters of Archbishop Seraphim for the period from 1944 to 1950 have also not been preserved in the archive of the Russian metochion in Sofia.

At present the letters of Archbishop Seraphim are scattered in various archives. Part of the letters is preserved, for example, in the archive of the Department for External Church Relations of the Moscow Patriarchate; part—in various fonds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF); [3] part—in foreign archives.

It is understandable that a letter of any ascetic of piety represents great interest for the Church. But the letter published below has special significance. It is rare when from a single letter we can learn the author’s position on an entire series of key questions of church life. In the given case we are dealing precisely with such a document.

The letter was written by Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev) to his friend from student years, Archbishop Benjamin (Fedchenkov), on 12 February 1934. At that time the archpastors found themselves on two opposite sides of the barricade. Archbishop Benjamin agreed with the demand of Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) to provide a declaration of loyalty toward the Bolsheviks and was under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate. The place of service of the hierarch was Paris, where Archbishop Benjamin founded the church of the “Three Hierarchs.” In 1933 the archpastor was appointed by Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) as Exarch of the Moscow Patriarchate in North America.

Bishop Seraphim refused to provide a declaration of loyalty and at the time of writing the letter was under the jurisdiction of the Bishops’ Synod of the Russian Church Abroad.

The occasion for the letter were accusations of heresy directed against the Chairman of the Bishops’ Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR), Metropolitan Anthony (Khrapovitsky). Metropolitan Anthony, who was an opponent of the juridical theory of the redemption, in his works “An Attempt at a Christian Catechism” and “The Dogma of the Redemption” [4] places emphasis on Christ’s Gethsemane struggle as the moment of His highest sufferings. The teaching of Metropolitan Anthony was received in different ways in scholarly–theological circles. The work of the First Hierarch of ROCOR was highly evaluated by Patriarch Gregory IV of Antioch, [5] Metropolitan Evlogy (Georgievsky), Bishop Gabriel (Chepur), and others. On the other hand, accusations were voiced against Metropolitan Anthony of diminishing the significance of the Golgotha Sacrifice. Some opponents of Metropolitan Anthony (as a rule from jurisdictions hostile to ROCOR) even accuse him of heresy. [6] But even within ROCOR not all agree with the new teaching, for example Archbishop Anastasy (Gribanovsky) and Saint John (Maximovitch). The teaching of Metropolitan Anthony is most actively opposed by Archbishop Theophan (Bystrov) and Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev). The two hierarchs jointly succeed in achieving that on 22 April 1926 Metropolitan Anthony abandons the idea of replacing the catechism of Saint Philaret (Drozdov) [7] with his own catechism. At a closed session of the Bishops’ Synod in 1927 Archbishop Theophan and Bishop Seraphim present reports against the teaching of Metropolitan Anthony. [8] As a result, the Russian Church Abroad does not officially accept the catechism of Metropolitan Anthony.

However, in 1927 the relations between Archbishop Theophan and Bishop Seraphim begin to deteriorate. The reason for this were the excessively sharp statements of Archbishop Theophan regarding the teaching of Metropolitan Anthony, even to the point of accusations of heresy. Bishop Seraphim fears to bring such a severe accusation.

At the end of the 1920s Archbishop Theophan withdraws from participation in the work of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia. From 1931 the hierarch lives in Clamart (France); in 1939 he moves to Limours-sur-Loire, not far from Tours. The relations of Archbishop Theophan with the Bishops’ Synod deteriorate completely. Living in France, Archbishop Theophan continues to regard Metropolitan Anthony as a heretic, and thereafter begins to direct various accusations also against the Bishops’ Synod. The position of Archbishop Theophan with regard to Metropolitan Anthony is shared as well by Archbishop Benjamin (Fedchenkov).

Upon learning of this, on 12 February 1934 Bishop Seraphim sends a letter to Archbishop Benjamin, in which he defends Metropolitan Anthony against the accusations of heresy. In addition, Bishop Seraphim adduces in his letter interesting facts from the life of the righteous John of Kronstadt and Archbishop Theophan (Bystrov), expresses his opinion about Rasputin and about the possibility of recognizing the authority of the Bolsheviks. What is striking is the fact that, while speaking out against the recognition of the communist власти on the part of Archbishop Benjamin, Bishop Seraphim nevertheless continues to regard him as his friend and intercessor in prayer.

Bishop Seraphim kept a copy of this letter. On 18 September 1934 the archpastor certified this copy and sent it to the Bishops’ Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia. The letter reached Russia together with the documents of the Bishops’ Synod, which after the Second World War were transferred to the Central State Archive of the October Revolution (now the State Archive of the Russian Federation).

The letter is preserved in fond 6343, “Bishops’ Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia,” in file no. 283, “Letters of Archbishop Seraphim.” The file contains correspondence of Archbishop (later Metropolitan) Seraphim (Lukiyanov), correspondence with Archbishop (later Metropolitan) Seraphim (Lyade). Here there is also one letter of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev), which is published below.

Publication, introductory article, and commentary by A. A. Kostryukov

***

 

Letter of Bishop Seraphim (Sobolev) to Archbishop Benjamin (Fedchenkov)

 

18 September 1934
To Archbishop Benjamin, 1934, 12 February

Secret

To the file [9]

Your Eminence, dear Vladyka!

In the month of August 1932, those who arrived from Paris at the Council of the Russian émigré hierarchs—Archbishop Seraphim [Lukiyanov], [10] Bishop Nicholas [Karpov] [11] of London, and Bishop Tikhon [Troitsky] [12] of San Francisco, now North American—reported to the remaining members of the Council that Archbishop Theophan [Bystrov] [13] of Poltava considers all of us, his fellow hierarchs, to be heretics and Freemasons, and that against one of us he has raised the insane slander that allegedly he participated in the poisoning of a hierarch who, of course, died a natural death. Especially strongly, in comparison with the other hierarchs, Archbishop Theophan speaks maliciously against Metropolitan Anthony, me, you, and Archbishop Anastasy.

In response to these statements of the above-mentioned three hierarchs, the members of the Council expressed the view that Arch[bishop] Theophan is in a very dangerous and destructive condition and that we must pray to God for him.

I am telling you all this because you must treat his accusations against us of heresies and vices with the utmost caution, since he is zealous for the glory of God not out of love for Christ, but solely on the ground of his vanity and his completely disturbed state of soul. Moreover, it must be borne in mind that earlier he himself was inclined fully to share the delusion of the Name-worshippers, and even earlier he took part in the destruction of Russia through Rasputin, [14] whom he introduced into the palace of the Grand Duchess Militsa Nikolaevna, [15] and the latter in her turn led Rasputin also into the imperial palace and introduced him to the Empress.

 

A person with a beard and a black robe

AI-generated content may be incorrect.

 

Yes, the investigative commission of Kerensky’s government acquitted Archbishop Theophan in this respect, but one thing is human judgment and another is God’s judgment. As a student at the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy, at one of my meetings with Fr. John of Kronstadt [16] in the altar of the St. Andrew Cathedral church, I had the good fortune to speak with him. [17] Fr. John was very attentive to me. But when I told the great righteous one that our inspector, Fr. Archimandrite Theophan, was sending him his greetings, the expression on Fr. John’s face changed sharply. He asked me very sharply, with a displeased look: “That little one, the dark-haired one, the weak one?” I answered, yes. Immediately after this Fr. John ceased conversing with me, moved away from me, without sending greetings to Fr. Theophan. And incidentally, when earlier I told him that our rector [18] was sending him greetings, Fr. John asked me to convey his greetings in return. Even then the thought occurred to me that this was because of Rasputin. There could be no other reason for such a negative attitude of Fr. John toward Fr. Theophan.

Arch[bishop] Theophan ought with tears to repent day and night for what he caused to Russia and to our entire Russian Church through Rasputin, instead of engaging in the exposure of heresies, raising monstrous slanders against his fellow hierarchs by their stupidity and malice, serving the Divine Liturgy anarchically in his home without the blessing of his ruling hierarch Archb[ishop] Seraphim [Lukiyanov], and regarding himself as almost the sole defender of God’s Truth.

In condemning hierarchs he always appeals to his conscience. But one must have a completely perverted conscience in order to besmirch people so vilely and thereby become their moral murderer. Where, after all this, if he does not repent, will his soul go when he dies?—This is what he ought to think about.

I have never, to anyone, stated that I consider the teaching of Metrop[olitan] Anthony on the redemption to be fully Orthodox. But neither have I declared him a heretic, as you and Arch[bishop] Theophan do. I have not declared Metrop[olitan] Anthony a heretic, first, because St. Athanasius the Great, until the condemnation of Origen by the Church, “spoke of him with respect, explained his language, and defended him from misunderstanding” (History of the Christian Church by James C. Robertson. Vol. 1. p. 99. St. Petersburg, 1890), and St. Gregory the Wonderworker of Neocaesarea, on the occasion of Origen’s death, delivered a eulogistic oration. [19] In the life of St. Cyril, Archbishop of Alexandria, it is reported with what love and reverence he related to an elder, a great and popular ascetic, who taught that the Melchizedek mentioned in the Bible is the actual Christ. This love of St. Cyril and his prayer, with the cooperation of the very elder who was in error, turned the latter onto the path of truth.  [20] Our Holy Church even among the saints glorified by her has such whose opinions do not coincide with her teaching. For example, in the writings of the Hieromartyr Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons, there is a teaching about the millennial earthly kingdom of Jesus Christ (Works of the Hieromartyr Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons. St. Petersburg, 1900, Book 5 Against Heresies, pp. 519–526). In the writings of St. Gregory of Nyssa, in particular in his dialogue with his sister Macrina, on the basis of the words of the Apostle Paul, “that God may be all in all” (1 Cor. 15:28), there is expressed the opinion that at some time evil and vice will disappear. Consequently, torment will also cease. True, in that same dialogue, as well as in other places in his writings, St. Gregory of Nyssa teaches the eternity of torments (Works of St. Gregory of Nyssa. On the Soul and the Resurrection, dialogue with his sister Macrina. Moscow, 1862, pp. 275, 278–279). Nevertheless, the Holy Church has not concealed from us the lines from the works of this holy father about the advent of a moment when supposedly evil will disappear and vice will cease; nor has she considered them an obstacle to including St. Gregory of Nyssa among God’s saints.

Second, I cannot declare Metropolitan Anthony a heretic also because he declared in writing that his teaching on the redemption is his private theological opinion and asked that his catechism not be introduced into educational institutions in the capacity of a textbook. Moreover, in this same teaching of his on the redemption he does not deny the saving significance for us of the Savior’s death on the Cross, but assigns greater significance in the work of our redemption not to the human, but to the Gethsemane sufferings, on the grounds that sufferings of the soul are heavier than bodily ones.

In his printed sermons and discourses, delivered during his tenure as rector of the Kazan Theological Academy, Metrop[olitan] Anthony adheres to the general Church teaching on the question of the redemption. It is interesting to draw attention to the following excerpts from his sermons and discourses:

1. “Life itself,” he says, “persistently confirms the teaching of Divine Scripture that our nature is damaged by sin, that we are in need of gracious renewal, of higher spiritual help” (Works of Bishop Anthony. vol. 1. Sermon on the Day of the Descent of the Holy Spirit, 1887, p. 20).

2. “Our Lord Jesus Christ took upon Himself the death of all people and Himself died on the cross for our sake” (ibid. Sermon on the Day of St. Nicholas, 6 December 1886, p. 11).

3. “Not a single person can by his righteousness blot out the sinfulness of all, and besides, every person is himself born in sin… He (the Son of God), born without a man, seedlessly, of the pure Virgin, took human nature into Himself. And thereafter, having committed not a single sin, He was pleased to take upon Himself the guilt of all mankind and with terrible sufferings of soul and body satisfied God’s justice and redeemed the human race from sin, the curse, and eternal death, reconciling it with God… By His feat of the Cross, He fulfilled everything that people had to endure… Therefore, strive more often and more attentively to reflect upon the mystery of the redemption, by delving into the reading of the sacred lines of the Gospel, especially those of its chapters in which the sufferings of the Cross and the death of our Lord Jesus Christ are described” (ibid., pp. 25–27. Discourse on the 4th Sunday of the Holy Fast, delivered in the Saint Petersburg Kazan Cathedral in 1887).

Orally, in conversations with Metrop[olitan] Anthony, and in writing—only to him—I have spoken solely about the nonconformity of his teaching with that of the Holy Fathers.

It is interesting to note that a year and a half ago, in a private conversation with the metropolitan, I again spoke to him about this. At that time, he stated to me that he does not see a nonconformity between his teaching and the teaching of the holy Fathers of the Church. By this statement Metrop[olitan] Anthony testifies that in him there is no desire to differ from the holy Fathers of the Church; consequently, there is also lacking in him the disposition characteristic of heretics, who are not ashamed openly to deny their authority.

All this I wished to express in brief and concise form at our council in 1928 and to summarize my attitude toward the teaching of Metrop[olitan] Anthony in the following form: although this teaching does not coincide with the patristic teaching, I cannot call Metrop[olitan] Anthony a heretic. But Arch[bishop] Theophan interrupted me at the very beginning of my statement on this matter, not giving me the opportunity to speak, and I fell silent. Thus, he himself impeded the conciliar discussion of this question.

If God grants that I live to see the fall of the Soviet power—to the cessation of the bloody persecution of the Russian Orthodox Church and to the convocation of a free, canonical All-Russian Church Council—then, if there is need, I will say this at that council.

In conclusion of the present letter I am obliged to say that you also ought not to declare Metrop[olitan] Anthony a heretic, and not only on the basis of what I have set forth above, but also for this further reason: the sin committed by you—the recognition of the Soviet power, and moreover such recognition freely and with conviction—is heavier than the sin of heresy. By this recognition you consciously and freely sanction the innumerable atrocities of the Soviet power in the destruction of our Russian Orthodox people and of our Russian Orthodox Church—you condemn the countless and valiant host of new martyrs and confessors who suffered from the Soviet power as a bloody persecutor not only of our faith but of everything good on earth, and you hand over our entire Russian Church into the power of Satan, because the Soviet power serves not God but Satan, since it is a godless and God-fighting power. I will not expand upon what the Soviet power represents. The Paris Archbishop Seraphim has explained this in his articles with exhaustive completeness. [21]

To expose Metrop[olitan] Anthony as a heretic after the free recognition of the Soviet power means to see the speck in the brother’s eye and not to see the beam in one’s own eye. Even if we were to assume that Metrop[olitan] Anthony is destroying one of the stones in the foundation of our Orthodox Church, you, by recognizing the Soviet power, are casting the entire church edifice into the abyss.

Look upon these lines of my letter as an expression of my love for you, in response to your sincere, brotherly, and friendly love which you showed me in our student years, and afterward as well. This love I will never forget.

If, however, the aforementioned lines do not find a corresponding response in your soul and you are grieved by them, then forgive me.

Every day I fervently pray for you, my dear Vladyka! And I ask you not to forget me in your prayers. With love I bow to you, and so does my brother, who suffers very severely from pains in the head and from stomach pains after the operation he underwent.

May the Lord preserve you.

Your loving brother in Christ,

Bishop Seraphim

1934, 14/27 February

True to the original:

P.S. This letter was sent by me to Arch[bishop] Benjamin in response to the political note of Archbishop Theophan of Poltava published in his journal “For Orthodoxy,” in which Metrop[olitan] Anthony and I are accused of heresy.

Arch[bishop] Seraphim. 1934. 18 Sept[ember] [22]

State Archive of the Russian Federation. Fond 6343. Inventory 1. File 283. Sheets 6–9 verso. Manuscript. Certified copy; postscript and signature—autograph.

 

1. Source: Bulletin of PSTGU. II: History. History of the Russian Orthodox Church. 2011. Issue 5 (42). pp. 124–133. Available at: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/novye-svedeniya-o-vzglyadah-arhiepiskopa-bogucharskogo-serafima-soboleva-na-problemy-russkoy-pravoslavnoy-tserkvi#ixzz3NrbQ8SWG

2. Here the author allows an inaccuracy, which seems strange, considering that he himself writes in other of his studies that the decision to receive Archbishop Seraphim into the Moscow Patriarchate was taken on 30 October 1945 (see, for example: Andrei Kostryukov. Biography of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev). Sofia, 2011. p. 116). Saint Seraphim himself learned of the decision at the beginning of 1946. — Translator’s note.

3. GARF – State Archive of the Russian Federation. — Translator’s note.

4. See: Anthony (Khrapovitsky), Metropolitan. An Attempt at a Christian Catechism // Nikon (Rklitsky), Archbishop. Biography of His Beatitude Anthony, Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia. Publication of the North American and Canadian Diocese, 1961. Vol. 8. pp. 11–171; Anthony (Khrapovitsky), Metropolitan. The Dogma of the Redemption // Ibid., pp. 143–288.

5. GARF. Fond 6343. Inventory 1. File 6. Sheets 344–345.

6. See: S. “The Karlovci Council” // Latest News. 1926. No. 1945; N.P.V. The Karlovci Church Schism // Latest News. 1926. No. 1969; S.S. The Émigré Russian Bishops’ Gathering in Sremski Karlovci // Morning Dawn. 1926. No. 8. p. 125.

7. See: Betts R., Marchenko V. Spiritual Father of the Royal Family. Saint Theophan of Poltava. Platina: Brotherhood of St. Herman of Alaska; Moscow: Russian Branch of the Valaam Society of America, 1994. p. 102.

8. See: Seraphim (Sobolev), Archbishop. Distortions of Orthodox Truth in Russian Theological Thought. Sofia, 1943. p. 6.

9. Handwritten note of the secretary.

10. Seraphim (Lukiyanov, Aleksandr Ivanovich) (1879–1959), metropolitan. He graduated from the Saratov Theological Seminary and the Kazan Theological Academy with the academic degree of Candidate of Theology (1904). Tonsured into monasticism in 1902, ordained to the rank of hieromonk in 1903. He taught at the Ufa Theological Seminary; rector of the Taurida and Saratov Theological Seminaries. In 1914 he was consecrated Bishop of Serdobol, vicar of the Finnish Diocese. From 1917 he was temporary administrator of the Finnish Diocese; from 1918 Bishop of Finland and Vyborg; from 1920 in the rank of archbishop; from 1921 head of the autonomous Orthodox Church in Finland. In 1923 the Finnish government deprived him of his see; he lived in the Konevets Monastery. From 1926 he was chairman of the parish in London, vicar of Metropolitan Evlogy; from 1927 he lived in Paris. In 1927–1945 he headed the Western European Diocese of the ROCOR. In 1945 he was received into the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate. From 1946 he was metropolitan, patriarchal exarch of Western Europe. In 1949 he was retired. For some time he again passed into the ROCOR. In 1954 he resettled in the USSR. From 1956 he lived in the Gherbovets Monastery in Moldavia.

11. Nicholas (Karpov, Ivan Ilyich) (1891–1932), bishop. He graduated from the Tobolsk Theological Seminary and the Moscow Theological Academy with the academic degree of Candidate of Theology (1917). Tonsured into monasticism in 1913; ordained hierodeacon in 1913 and hieromonk in 1916. From 1920 he was in emigration, teacher and inspector at the Bitola Theological Seminary. In 1923 he was elevated to the rank of archimandrite by the Bishops’ Synod of the ROCOR. From 1929 he was Bishop of London, vicar of the Western European Diocese of the ROCOR.

12. Tikhon (Troitsky, Aleksandr) (1883–1963), archbishop. He graduated from the Kostroma Theological Seminary and the Kazan Theological Academy with the academic degree of Candidate of Theology (1908). In 1905 he was tonsured into monasticism; in the same year ordained hierodeacon; in 1908 ordained hieromonk. He taught at the Taurida Theological Seminary; inspector of the Volhynian, and then of the Kharkov Theological Seminaries. From 1910 he was in the rank of archimandrite. From 1920 he was in emigration, living in Yugoslavia. In 1925–1926 he was in the brotherhood of the Monastery of St. Panteleimon on Mount Athos. From 1930 he was Bishop of San Francisco, vicar of the North American Diocese of the ROCOR. In 1933–1934 he was temporary administrator of the North American Diocese. From 1934 he was Archbishop of San Francisco and Western America. Permanent member of the Bishops’ Synod of the ROCOR.

13. Theophan (Bystrov, Vasily Dmitrievich) (1873–1940), archbishop. He graduated from the Saint Petersburg Theological Seminary and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy with the academic degree of Candidate of Theology. In 1898 he was tonsured into monasticism and ordained to the rank of hieromonk. In 1901 he was elevated to the rank of archimandrite and appointed acting inspector of the academy. In 1905 he was awarded the academic degree of Master of Theology. In the same year he was appointed extraordinary professor and inspector of the academy. From 1909 he was rector of the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy. In 1909 he was consecrated Bishop of Yamburg, vicar of the Saint Petersburg Diocese. From 1910 he was Bishop of Taurida and Simferopol; from 1912 Bishop of Astrakhan; from 1913 Bishop of Poltava and Pereyaslav. From 1918 he was in the rank of archbishop. In 1919 he emigrated, living in Constantinople, then in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. From 1925 he lived in Bulgaria; from 1931—in France.

14. Rasputin, Grigory Yefimovich (1872–1916), a peasant from Tobolsk Governorate. He possessed the ability to stop the bleeding of the hemophiliac Tsarevich Alexei, as a result of which he gained the trust of the imperial family. He exerted influence on state and church affairs; by his behavior he discredited the imperial authority. Killed by conspirators.

15. Militsa Nikolaevna (1866–1951), Grand Duchess, daughter of the Montenegrin Prince Nicholas I Petrović, wife of Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich.

16. John of Kronstadt (Sergiev, Ivan Ilyich) (1829–1908), saint. Mitred protopresbyter, spiritual writer. From 1855 he served in the Andreevsky Cathedral church of the city of Kronstadt; from 1894 he was chairman of the Andreevsky Cathedral church. From 1907 he was a member of the Holy Synod.

17. That during the years of his studies at the Academy N. B. Sobolev repeatedly visited the righteous John of Kronstadt is also testified by a disciple of Archbishop Seraphim, Archimandrite Panteleimon (Staritsky) (see: Panteleimon (Staritsky), archim. Memorial address on the first anniversary after the repose of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev) // Life, miracles, and testaments of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev). Sofia: Convent of the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos; Publishing House of St. Apostle and Evangelist Luke, 2001. p. 21).

18. Sergius (Tikhomirov, Sergei Alekseevich) (1871–1945), metropolitan. He graduated from the Novgorod Theological Seminary and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy. In 1896 he was tonsured into monasticism and ordained hierodeacon and hieromonk. From 1896 he was inspector of the Saint Petersburg Theological Seminary; from 1899 he was rector of the SPbTS in the rank of archimandrite. In 1905 he was awarded the academic degree of Master of Theology and appointed rector of the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy. In 1905 he was consecrated Bishop of Yamburg, vicar of the Saint Petersburg Diocese. From 1908 he was Bishop of Kyoto; from 1912 Bishop of Tokyo and Japan. From 1940 he was retired.

19. St. Gregory the Wonderworker. Thanksgiving Oration to Origen // Works of Saint Gregory the Wonderworker, Bishop of Neocaesarea. Petrograd: Printing House of M. Merkushev, 1916. pp. 18–52.

20. See: Lives of the Saints in the Russian Language, set forth according to the guidance of the Chetii-Minei of St. Dimitry of Rostov. Book 10. Moscow: Synodal Printing House, 1913. p. 174.

21. On the position of Archbishop Seraphim (Lukiyanov) regarding the Soviet power, see: Seraphim [Lukiyanov], archbishop. The Church and Soviet Power. Belgrade, 1933; Dneprov R. Conversation with Archbishop Seraphim // Church Gazette. 1930. Nos. 15–16. p. 8.

22. From the words “True to the original” to the end of the document, the text is written in the hand of Archbishop Seraphim (Sobolev).

 

Bulgarian source: https://bulgarian-orthodox-church.org/rr/lode/sseraphim/sseraphim-mven.html

Results of the Ukrainian DESS investigation concerning the Administration of the Odessa Diocese of ROCOR-A

On December 24, 2025, the investigation conducted by DESS was completed concerning the presence or absence of signs of affiliation of the Diocesan Administration of the Odessa Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad with a foreign religious organization whose activity is prohibited in Ukraine.

Based on the results of a comprehensive analysis conducted within the framework of the current legislation of Ukraine and in accordance with the procedure approved by the Cabinet of Ministers, no signs of such affiliation were identified. This decision has been officially approved by the corresponding order issued on the basis of the conclusions of the research group.

https://dess.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/RPTSZ_24.12.2025.pdf

 

Russian source: http://internetsobor.org/index.php/novosti/rptsz/rptsz-nasha-tserkov-priznana-ne-affilirovannoj-s-mp

Wednesday, December 24, 2025

Brief Lessons of Elder Zosima (Verkhovsky) of Siberia (+1833)

Words of Counsel

A portrait of a bearded person

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On the commemorations of the holy martyrs, Elder Zosima would often say:

– O martyrs of Christ! Where are your sufferings? Where is your martyrdom? They passed like a dream! And now you rejoice eternally with the Lord… We, sisters, what shall we present on the day of the dreadful Judgment, if we are unwilling to patiently endure, for the sake of our Lord, a little toil or a small sorrow or a light illness? Yet we want to be found in the heavenly land of the saints, of those who shed their blood for Christ. We, who cannot bear even the slightest renunciation of our will and weaknesses, want to be with those who endured the severing of their limbs and other dreadful torments. In any case, we will either be with the saints or with the demons – there is no third place! Let us therefore struggle for our salvation. We have one life! And one soul!

***

Once, the elder, together with two or three sisters, visited the house of an official, requesting some assistance for the monastery. On the way back, the sisters asked him:

– Why were you so silent, Batushka? It even seemed that you were avoiding so-and-so (they mentioned the names of certain well-known figures), who were there and so eager to meet you and hear you!

The elder replied with the words of the Psalmist:

– "I did not walk in great matters, nor in things too wondrous for me." "I became as a beast before Thee; yet I am continually with Thee."

***

Once, it so happened that he found himself at the table of a Christian who was a lover of monks, together with several other monks. Throughout the entire meal, they discussed spiritual matters. He, however, did not utter a single word. He sat modestly and humbly, with his eyes lowered.

On the way back, the sisters who had been at the table with him said:

– Forgive us, Elder, but we felt saddened. You would have spoken better and more beneficially than those monks. Why then did you remain silent?

– If they were not able to benefit from my silence, they would not have benefited from my words either, answered Fr. Zosima.

***

When he learned that someone had benefited from his teaching and had corrected his life, he would say:

– I know that I am unrefined and foolish. But when it was necessary, even through a donkey, did God speak!

He was referring to the well-known incident with the seer Balaam in the Old Testament.

***

If any sister was saddened because she had been wronged, he would say to her:

– Humble yourself, and heaven and earth will humble themselves before you!

But if another sister happened to make something beautiful and, subconsciously seeking praise, said, “Look, Elder, how lovely it is!”, he would reply:

– Lovely, but not eternal. Every thing says to us: Do not love me, I will depart from you!

And on every similar occasion, he would repeat:

– All is good, all is good. But look, we will die and not return here again. What benefit, then, is all this, if we do not please the Lord?

***

He would also say:

– We cannot look with one eye toward heaven and with the other toward the earth. In this way, we cannot have our soul clinging both to earthly and to heavenly things. We must choose and seek one of the two—either heaven or earth.

 

Greek source: Γέροντας Ζωσιμάς της Σιβηρίας, by Abbess Vera Verhovsky, Holy Monastery of Paraclete, Oropos, Attica 2007, p. 271.

Online:

https://www.koinoniaorthodoxias.org/gerontes/mikres-didaxes-tou-geronta-zosima/

Official List of New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia (1981)

(Approved by the Council of Bishops of the ROCOR in 1981)

 

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Note: The commemoration of the Synaxis of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia is celebrated on the last Sunday of January (Old Style). The specific feast days of some of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia are listed according to the Old Calendar.

________________________________________

AUGUSTINE, Archimandrite, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AVERKY, Bishop of Volhynia (Kedrov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AGATHANGEL, Metropolitan of Yaroslavl (Preobrazhensky), Confessor (†1928) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 3

AGATHON (Garin), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AGATHON, Archimandrite, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AQUILINA, Fool-for-Christ, New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDRA, Tsaritsa, New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

ALEXANDER (Donetsky), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER (Kazantsev), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER (Chirkov), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Priest (Zemlyanitsyn), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Physician (Yakobson), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Deacon (Nevsky), New Martyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Veraksin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Vorobyev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Dolzhinsky), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Kaminsky), New Hieromartyr (†1935) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Krizanovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1928) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Kurdinovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1940) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Losinsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Lutsenko), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Lyubimsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Lyubutsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Makov), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Manuilov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Miropolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Mokrousov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Podolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Popov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Sakharov), New Hieromartyr (†1927) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Skvortsov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Sokolov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Solovskoy), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Uninsky), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXANDER, Presbyter (Fleginsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS (Kirian), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Mar 29

ALEXIS, Soldier, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Bishop of Urazov (Buy), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 21

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Arkatovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Arkhangelsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Bogaevsky), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Vvedensky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Voskresensky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Kalezhinsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Karpitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1943) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Melioransky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Merkuryev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Milyutinsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Pavlov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Popov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Presbyter (Stavrovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ALEXIS, Tsarevich-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

AMBROSE, Hieromonk, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AMBROSE, Bishop of Sarapul (Gudko), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 27

AMBROSE, Igumen, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

AMPHILOCHIUS, Bishop of Yeniseisk (Skvortsov), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANASTASIUS, Hieromonk of Spasov Hermitage, New Hieromartyr (†1917) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANASTASIA (Panshena-Samoylova), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANASTASIA, Grand Duchess-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

ANATOLY, Archbishop of Irkutsk (Kamensky), New Hieromartyr (†1920s) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANATOLY, Presbyter (Voronin), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANATOLY, Presbyter (Duplev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANATOLY, Presbyter (Maslennikov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANATOLY, Presbyter of Kiev, Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANATOLY, Presbyter of Tyumen, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANDREW, Archbishop of Tomsk (Ukhtomsky), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANDREW, Presbyter (Volyansky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 15

ANDREW, Presbyter (Zimin), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 6

ANDREW, Presbyter (Kosovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANDRONICUS, Archbishop of Perm (Nikolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; May 25

ANDRONICUS, Presbyter (Lyubovich), New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANNA (Lykoshina), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANTONINA, Abbess of Kizlyar, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANTONIN, Igumen of Simonov Monastery, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANTONY, Archbishop of Arkhangelsk (Bystrov), New Hieromartyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANTONY, Novice of Bryansk, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ANTONY, Presbyter (Vodovinch), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

APOLLINARIUS, Hieromonk of Verkhoturye, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 18

ARISTARCHUS, Archimandrite in Borki, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ARCADIUS (Lyapustin), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ARCADIUS, Presbyter (Garyaev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ARSENIA, Abbess of Shuya, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ARCHILIUS, Presbyter (Sirotin), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 17

ARCHIPPUS, Presbyter (Belogorsky), New Hieromartyr (†1941) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ATHANASIUS (Smirnov), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ATHANASIUS, Hieromonk of Spasov Hermitage, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ATHANASIUS, Hieromonk, New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BORIS (Talantov), New Martyr (†1970) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 22

BORIS, converted from godlessness, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BORIS, Presbyter (Kotlyarovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BORIS, Presbyter (Savrasov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VALENTINA, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VALERIA, Abbess of Rzhishchev, New Nun-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BARBARA (Ostrogradskaya), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BARBARA, Nun, New Nun-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

BARSONUPHIUS, Hieromonk, New Hieromartyr (†1935) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BARSONUPHIUS, Igumen (Yurchenko), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL (Bezgyn), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL (Verizhsky), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Archbishop of Chernigov (Bogoyavlensky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Deacon (Kozhin), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Deacon (Sytnikov), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Bishop of Kineshma (Preobrazhensky), New Hieromartyr (†1945) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 13

BASIL, Bishop of Priluki and Poltava (Zelentsov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL from the village of Martinki, New Martyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Monk of Sarov, New Monk-Martyr (†1927) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Grabovoy), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Kapinos), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Luzgin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Nov 2

BASIL, Presbyter (Malakhov), Confessor (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Militsyn), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Pobedonostsev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Semin), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Smelsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Solodovnikov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BASIL, Presbyter (Uglyakovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VASSIAN, Hieromonk, Confessor (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BENJAMIN, Archimandrite of Solovki, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BENJAMIN, Archimandrite, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BENJAMIN, Metropolitan of Petrograd (Kazansky), New Hieromartyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 13

VICTORIN, Presbyter (Dobronravov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VICTOR, Bishop of Glazov and Votkinsk (Ostrovidov), New Hieromartyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; May 2

VICTOR, Presbyter (Muradov), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VICTOR, Presbyter (Nizkovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VICTOR, Presbyter, New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VITALY, Presbyter (Bogdan), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VITALY, Presbyter (Lebedev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VITALY, Presbyter (Serdobov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR (Nikulin), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Deacon (Ostrikov), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Prince (Palei), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

VLADIMIR, Metropolitan of Voronezh (Shimkovich), Confessor (†1925) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Metropolitan of Kiev (Bogoyavlensky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 25

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Antonov), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Bogoyavlensky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 4

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Ilyinsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Polyakov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Proskulyarov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Sadovnichny), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Selivanosky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Sergiev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Troepolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1905) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VLADIMIR, Presbyter (Tsidrinsky), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

BONIFACE, Hieromonk, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VSEVOLOD, Presbyter (Cherepanov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VYACHESLAV, Deacon (Lukanin), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

VYACHESLAV, Presbyter (Lashkov), New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GABRIEL (Boldyrev), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GABRIEL, Archimandrite of Optina, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GABRIEL, Presbyter (Gromnitsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GABRIEL, Presbyter (Makovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GABRIEL, Presbyter of Kharkov, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GENNADIUS, Archimandrite, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Hieromonk (Sapozhnikov), New Monk-Martyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Archimandrite of Taganrog, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Prince (Grand Duke George Mikhailovich), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Presbyter (Alexandrov), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Presbyter (Boyko), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Presbyter (Pargichevsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Presbyter (Skripka), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Presbyter (Snesarev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GEORGE, Fool-for-Christ, New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GERASIM, Hieromonk of Bryansk, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GERASIM, Presbyter (Tsvetkov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GERVASIUS, Igumen of Bryansk, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HERMAN, Bishop of Vyazniki (Ryashentsev), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HERMAN, Presbyter (Malakhov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HERMOGENES, Bishop of Tobolsk and Siberia (Dolganov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 16

GREGORY (Berezhnoy), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GREGORY, Hieromonk of Kiev, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GREGORY, Bishop of Shlisselburg (Lebedev), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Sept 4

GREGORY, Presbyter (Dmitrievsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GREGORY, Presbyter (Zlatoussky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GREGORY, Presbyter (Nikolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 27

GREGORY, Presbyter (Pospelov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GREGORY, Presbyter (Rozhdestvensky), New Hieromartyr (†1917) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

GURIAS, Archbishop of Alatyr (Stepanov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DAVID, Presbyter (Yakobson), New Hieromartyr (†1939) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DAMASCENE, Bishop of Glukhov (Tsedrik), New Hieromartyr (†1943) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DANIEL, Igumen of Svyato-Gorsky Monastery, New Monk-Martyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DANIEL, Presbyter from the village of Martinki, New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Archimandrite, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Archbishop of Gdov (Lyubimov), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Prince (Grand Duke Dmitry Konstantinovich), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 30

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Amferyev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Vasilyevsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 27

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Vyshegorsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Diev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Zheltonogov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Ivanov), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Kuzmin), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Pyzhov), New Hieromartyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Rybalko), New Hieromartyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Semyonov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Sofronov), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter (Stefanovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DEMETRIUS, Presbyter of Kharkov, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

DOMNICA (Zimina), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 6

DIONYSIUS, Bishop of Izmail (Sosnovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

EUGENE Poselyanin (Pogozhev), New Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 30

EUGENE, Igumen of Svir, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

EUGRAPH, Presbyter (Pletnev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

EUDOKIA, New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 5

EUPRAXIA, Nun, New Nun-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CATHERINE (Bogolyubova), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ELIZABETH (Grand Duchess), New Nun-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

EMELIAN, Presbyter (Shchelchkov), New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ESTHER, Abbess of Mogilev, New Nun-Martyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

EPHRAIM, Bishop of Selenginsk (Kuznetsov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 22

EPHRAIM, Presbyter (Dolganov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

IGNATIUS, Archimandrite (Biryukov), Confessor (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Sept 14

IGNATIUS, Presbyter of Perm, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

IGOR, Prince (Prince Igor Konstantinovich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

ISMAEL, Presbyter (Rozhdestvensky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ISRAEL, Igumen of Gethsemane, New Monk-Martyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ISRAEL, Monk of Svyato-Gorsky, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HILARION, Bishop of Porechye (Belsky), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ELIJAH (Chelmodayev), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ELIJAH, Presbyter (Zotikov), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ELIJAH, Presbyter (Popov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

INNOCENT, Archimandrite, New Monk-Martyr (†1927) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

INNOCENT, Presbyter (Plyaskin), New Hieromartyr (†1923) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

IRINARCHUS, Hieromonk of Svyato-Gorsky, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ISAAC, Hieromonk of Sarov, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

ISIDORE, Bishop of Mikhailov (Kolokolov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HYACINTH, Hieromonk of Verkhoturye, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 18

JACOB (Korobka), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JACOB, Igumen of Sarapul, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JACOB, Presbyter (Vladimirov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JACOB, Presbyter (Gorokhov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JACOB, Presbyter (Sergievsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HIEROTHEUS, Hieromonk of Kitaev, New Monk-Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

HIEROTHEUS, Bishop of Nikolsk (Afonik), New Hieromartyr (†1928) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOACHIM, Archbishop of Nizhny Novgorod (Levitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOACHIM, Presbyter (Frolov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOANNA, Schema-nun (Mansurova), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN (Voznesensky), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN (Deribaskin), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN (Ezhikov), Confessor (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN (Yatsenshny), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Archbishop of Riga (Pommer), New Hieromartyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 12

JOHN, Deacon (Kastorsky), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Prince (Prince John Konstantinovich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

JOHN, Presbyter (Belozersky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Bonin), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Vitavsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Voskoboynikov), New Hieromartyr (†1945) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Vostorgov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Golovka), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Donos), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Yevstratiev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Kochurov), the first New Hieromartyr of the Russian Church (†1917) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Krasnov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Levitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1935) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Letvintsev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Nikolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Pionovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Pletnev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Prigorsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Pyankov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 23

JOHN, Presbyter (Ryabukhin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Snegiryov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Sokolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Steblin-Kamensky), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Stetsenko), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Timofeyev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Khodarovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Tsvetkov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Chub), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Shmon), New Hieromartyr (†1943) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Shukshin), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOHN, Presbyter (Yulovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOASAPH, Hieromonk of Kiev Caves, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOASAPH, Hieromonk (Bersenyev), New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOASAPH, Bishop of Chistopol (Udalov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Nov 19

JOSEPH, Metropolitan of Petrograd (Petrovykh), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOSEPH, Presbyter (Sikov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

JOSEPH, Presbyter (Smirnov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CALLISTUS, Hieromonk of Verkhoturye, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 18

CARP, Presbyter (Shubov), New Hieromartyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CYRIL, Soldier, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CYRIL, Metropolitan of Kazan (Smirnov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Nov 7

CYRIL, Presbyter (Boyko), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 27

CLAUDIA from the village of Martinki, New Martyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CLEMENT, Archdeacon of the Kiev Brotherhood Monastery, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Prince (Prince Constantine Konstantinovich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 5

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Alexeyev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Yefremov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Mashanov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Nichnevich), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Ordynsky), New Hieromartyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Snyatinovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CONSTANTINE, Presbyter (Shchegolev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

CHRISCENT, Presbyter of Simferopol, New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

XENOPHONT, Presbyter (Arkhangelsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LAURENTIUS, Bishop of Balakhna (Knyazev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 24

LAURENTIUS, Presbyter (Feshchenko), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEO (Kuntsevich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEO, Presbyter (Yershov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONID (Nits), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONID, Presbyter (Kapetsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONID, Presbyter (Kuklin), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONID, Presbyter (Matreninsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONID, Presbyter (Serebrenikov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 25

LEONID, Presbyter (Solovyov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

LEONTIUS, Bishop of Yenotayevsk (Vimpfen), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 23

LYDIA (Zimina), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 6

LYDIA, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MACARIUS, Hieromonk (Telegin), New Monk-Martyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MACARIUS, Bishop of Oryol (Gnevushev), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MACARIUS, Presbyter (Belyaev), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MACARIUS, Presbyter (Kvitkin), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MACARIUS, Schema-Bishop (Vasilyev), New Hieromartyr (†1944) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Mar 19

MAXIM, Bishop of Serpukhov (Zhizhilenko), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; May 22

MARGARITA, Abbess of St. Elias Monastery, New Nun-Martyr (†1917) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MARTYNIANA, Abbess, New Nun-Martyr (†1935) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MARIA (Bystrova), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MARIA (Zimina), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 6

MARIA (Kiyanovskaya), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 25

MARIA of Gatchina, New Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MARIA, Nun (Kushka), New Nun-Martyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MARIA, Grand Duchess-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

MATTHEW, Hieromonk (Oleynik), New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MATTHEW, Archimandrite of Perm, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MELCHISEDEK, Hieromonk, New Monk-Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

METHODIUS, Bishop of Petropavlovsk (Krasnoperov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MILII, Hieromonk of the Kiev Caves Lavra, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MITROPHAN, Archbishop of Astrakhan (Krasnopolsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 23

MITROPHAN, Presbyter (Devitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL (Karpov), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL (Novoselov), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL (Pletnev), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL (Stefanovsky), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 22

MICHAEL (Umansky), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL (Chernobyl), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL of the Caucasus, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Priest (Gromoglasov), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Archdeacon of Vladimir, New Monk-Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Deacon (Astrov), New Martyr (†1936) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Prince (Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 25

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Belyaev), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Bleive), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 1

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Bogoslovsky), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Glagolev), New Hieromartyr (†1929) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Gorokhov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Gromov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Ivanitsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Kamensky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Krasnoselsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Krizanovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Lektorsky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 28

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Lisytsyn), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Feb 23

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Makarov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 16

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Novgorodov), New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Olabovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Penkovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Tikhomirov), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Tikhonitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Chafranov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Sharov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter (Yavorsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MICHAEL, Presbyter of the village of Arkhangelsk, New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MODESTUS, Hieromonk of Svyato-Gorsky, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MODESTUS, Presbyter (Gorbunov), New Hieromartyr (†1929) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

MOSES, Schema-Monk, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NATALIA (Ostrogradskaya), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NATALIA (Fredericks), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NATALIA, Nun, New Nun-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NECTARIUS, Hieromonk (Ivanov), New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NECTARIUS, Archimandrite (Venediktov), Confessor (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICANOR, Bishop of Bogoroditsk (Kudryavtsev), New Hieromartyr (†1923) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Oct 30

NICOPHORUS, Cleric of Semipalatinsk, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICODEMUS, Bishop of Belgorod (Kononov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 28

NICODEMUS, Presbyter (Redikultsev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS (Varzhansky), New Martyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Marsov), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS (Johnson), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 25

NICHOLAS, Hieromonk (Prince Shirinsky-Shikhmatov), New Monk-Martyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Archimandrite of the Kiev Caves, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Archimandrite of Penza, New Monk-Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Deacon (Uspensky), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Bishop of Atkarsk (Parfenov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Cleric (Prozorov), New Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Aug 4

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Bezhanitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 1

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Belyaev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Vrindyev), New Hieromartyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Zlatomrelov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Katasonov), New Hieromartyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Konyukhov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Milyutin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Petropavlovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Piskanovsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Popov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Rusanov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Sinyavsky), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Stetsenko), New Hieromartyr (†1936) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Tikhomirov), New Hieromartyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Shabashev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter (Yakhontov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 23

NICHOLAS, Presbyter of Voskresensk, New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter of Moscow, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Presbyter, New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

NICHOLAS, Tsar-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

NIKON, Hieromonk of Optina (Belyaev), New Monk-Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 25

NILUS, Hieromonk of Poltava, New Monk-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

OLGA, Novice, New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

OLGA, Grand Duchess, New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4

ONUPHRIUS, Archdeacon of Kiev, New Monk-Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL (Kiryán), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; March 29

PAUL, Bishop of Starobel’sk (Kratírov), New Hieromartyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Dec 23

PAUL, Prince (Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 30

PAUL, Presbyter (Voynarsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; March 29

PAUL, Presbyter (Volodin), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Dernov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Dokorsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Kalinovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Kushnikov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Florov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Fokin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Chernyshyov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter (Yakovlev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter of Tobolsk, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PAUL, Presbyter of the village of Ust-Nitsa, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PANTELEIMON, Deacon, New Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PARTHENIUS, Bishop of Anan’ev (Bryanskikh), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PELAGIA (Pisemskaya), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PELAGIA, Schema-Nun of Upper Kharkov, Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PERSIDA, Novice, Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER (Remes), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 25

PETER, Archbishop of Voronezh (Zverev), New Hieromartyr (†1929) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Jan 26

PETER, Metropolitan of Krutitsy (Polyansky), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Sept 27

PETER, Presbyter (Gontarsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Diakonov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Karelin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Makkaveev), New Hieromartyr (†1924) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Ostroumov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Pokryvalo), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Sionsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Skipetrov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; Feb 1

PETER, Presbyter (Smorodnentsov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Snezhnitsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Strukov), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Fastritsky), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PETER, Presbyter (Kholmogortsev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs

PIMEN, Bishop of Semirechye (Belolikov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PITIRIM, Hieromonk of the Alexander Nevsky Hermitage, New Venerable Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PLATON, Bishop of Revel (Kulev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; January 1;

POLYCHRONIUS, Archimandrite (Zapruder), New Venerable Martyr (†1934) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PORPHYRIUS, Presbyter (Amphiteatrov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PROCHORUS, Hieromonk of Kiev, New Venerable Martyr (†1941) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

RAISA, Nun from Smolensk region, New Venerable Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

RODION, Archimandrite of the Spas Skete, New Venerable Martyr (†1917) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

RUFIN, Hieromonk of Nizhny Novgorod, New Venerable Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

RUFIN, Abbot of Sarov, New Venerable Martyr (†1927) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SAVVA, Presbyter (Potechin), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SAVVATY, Abbot of Chernigov, New Venerable Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPION, Presbyter (Chernykh), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Hieromonk (Zagorovsky), Confessor (†1943) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; September 17;

SERAPHIM, Hieromonk (Tievár), New Venerable Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Hieromonk from the village of Orlovka, New Venerable Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Hieromonk of Belgorod, New Venerable Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Archbishop of Uglich (Samoylovich) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; October 27;

SERAPHIM, Archimandrite in Kotlas, New Venerable Martyr (†1945) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Bishop of Dimitrov (Zvezdinsky), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Presbyter (Sarychev), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERAPHIM, Schema-Hieromonk, Confessor (†1923) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Archimandrite of Kazan, New Venerable Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; August 28;

SERGIUS, Archimandrite (Shein), New Venerable Martyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; August 13;

SERGIUS, Bishop of Narva (Druzhinin), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; September 4;

SERGIUS, Prince (Grand Duke Sergius Mikhailovich), New Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Vangaev), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Gortinsky), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Gromov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Ivantsevich), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Poselsky), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Tikhomirov), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; August 6;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Shipulin), New Hieromartyr (†1938) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SERGIUS, Presbyter (Shchukin), Confessor (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SILA, Monk of the Kiev Caves, New Venerable Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SYLVESTER, Archbishop of Omsk (Olshevsky), New Hieromartyr (†1920) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SIMEON, Archimandrite of Danilov, New Venerable Martyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SIMEON, Presbyter (Ionin), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SIMON, Bishop of Ufa (Shleyev), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 6;

SOPHIA (Kobishanova), Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SOPHIA, Abbess of Kazan, New Venerable Martyr (†1933) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SOPHIA, Schema-Abbess of Kiev, New Venerable Martyr (†1941) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; March 22;

STEPHEN, Bishop of Izhevsk (Bekh), New Hieromartyr (†1933) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; April 13;

STRATONICUS, Spiritual Father of New Athos, New Venerable Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

SUSANNA, Abbess, New Venerable Martyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TABITHA, Nun of Gatchina, New Venerable Martyr (†1932) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TARASIUS, Bishop (Khorov), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TATIANA, Princess-Martyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; July 4;

TIMOTHY, Presbyter (Stadnik), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TIKHON, Archbishop of Voronezh (Nikanorov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TIKHON, Archimandrite, New Venerable Martyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TIKHON, Deacon (Obryadin), New Martyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

TIKHON, Patriarch of Moscow, Confessor (†1925) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; March 25;

TROPHIMUS, Presbyter of Kiev, New Hieromartyr (†1941) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PHILARET, Hieromonk of the Alexander Nevsky Hermitage, New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PHILARET, Presbyter of the village of Kozachya Lopan, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PHILIP, Presbyter (Shatsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

PHILOSOPH, Presbyter (Ornatsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

CHRYSANTHUS, Cleric, New Martyr (†1931) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

CHRISTOPHER, Presbyter (Nadezhdin), New Hieromartyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

JUVENALY, Deacon (Ushakov), New Martyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

GEORGE (Novitsky), New Martyr (†1922) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; August 13;

THEOGNOSTUS, Hieromonk of the Alexander Nevsky Hermitage, New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; June 10;

THEODORE, Archbishop of Volokolamsk (Pozdeyevsky), New Hieromartyr (†1937) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; October 10;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Athanasiyev), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Andreyev), Confessor (†1929) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Arkhangelsky), New Hieromartyr (†1921) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Bazilevsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Berzovsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Bogoyavlensky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Gidaspov), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; November 12;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Kolobov), New Hieromartyr — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Koninin), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Raspopov), New Hieromartyr (†1919) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Toporkov), New Hieromartyr (†1928) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter (Yakovlev), New Hieromartyr (†1930) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Presbyter of the village of Golyshmanovo, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Moscow Presbyter, Confessor — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODORE, Orenburg Presbyter, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODOSIUS, Hieromonk of Zhitomir, New Hieromartyr (†1928) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEODOTUS, Hierodeacon of the Svyatogorsk Monastery, New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs;

THEOPHANES, Bishop of Solikamsk (Ilminsky), New Hieromartyr (†1918) — Sunday of the New Martyrs; December 11.

 

Russian source:

http://sinod.ruschurchabroad.org/Arh%20Sobor%201981%20spisok%20novomuchenikov.htm

Acquisition and Loss of the Prayer

Narration of an Elder: I was helping with the preparations for the feast of a Cell. The Elder of the Cell, who was very skilled and fast, ...