Introduction
Metropolitan Luke of Zaporizhzhia
and Melitopol (UOC – Synod of [Metropolitan] Onufriy [of Kiev and All Ukraine]),
at a conference organized in Belgrade under the auspices of the Center for
Geostrategic Studies, called for a Pan-Orthodox Council with the aim of
condemning “Eastern Papism” and the geopolitical interventions of the Vatican
and the Ecumenical Patriarchate in the life of Orthodoxy.
In his keynote address titled “The
Ecumenical Offensive as an Instrument of Geopolitics: Media, Finances, and the
Diplomacy of the Vatican and the Phanar,” he analyzed in detail the mechanisms
of external influence employed through Ecumenism, international media,
financial support, and diplomatic activity. He emphasized the dangers to the
spiritual and canonical integrity of Orthodoxy, highlighting the need for unity
and collective action among the Local Churches.
The conference gathered leading
theologians, Church representatives, journalists, and international analysts
from Greece, Italy, Serbia, Poland, Mount Athos, and the United States. The
participants discussed critical issues such as the crisis in Orthodox
ecclesiology, the consequences of Ecumenism, the protection of spiritual
heritage, and strategies for safeguarding canonical unity.
The address of Metropolitan Luke
clearly presents the necessity for a systematic response to ecclesiastical and
geopolitical pressure, combining spiritual, theological, social, and
pan-Orthodox measures.
The text adopts a clearly
critical stance toward the Ecumenism of the Vatican and the Ecumenical
Patriarchate. It maintains that the ecumenical initiatives:
1. They exceed theological
dialogue and are transformed into instruments of geopolitical influence,
affecting the Church through media, financial resources, and diplomacy.
2. They create dangers for
Orthodoxy, such as dogmatic distortion, polarization among the Local Churches,
the instrumentalization of religion by states, and the loss of the faithful’s
trust.
3. They present Ukraine as an
example, where the OCU was portrayed by pro-Phanariot and Western media as “the
only canonical Church,” thereby reinforcing its political dimension at the
expense of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church.
4. He analyzes the diplomatic and
humanitarian activity of the Vatican, noting that humanitarian aid,
international meetings, and participation in forums are used for political and
ecclesiastical influence.
5. He proposes specific
countermeasures.
Overall, the Metropolitan
perceives Ecumenism as a threat to Orthodoxy, emphasizes its geopolitical and
communicative dimensions, and highlights the need for a strategic response that
combines spiritual, theological, social, and legal means.
…
Fr. D.A. [Protopresbyter Dimitrios
Athanasiou, a walled-off clergyman in Greece – trans. note]
Greek source: https://apotixisi.blogspot.com/2025/12/uoc.html
***
LUKE (Kovalenko),
Metropolitan of Zaporizhzhia and Melitopol
Ukrainian Orthodox Church
The Ecumenical Offensive as an
Instrument of Geopolitics: Media, Finances,
and the Diplomacy of the Vatican and the Phanar
Introduction
Contemporary geopolitical
struggle goes far beyond the limits of economics and military security,
actively intruding into the spiritual sphere. It affects the life of the
Church, distorts the understanding of canonical order and the true state of
affairs. In this context, a special role is played by the ecumenical
initiatives of the Vatican and the Ecumenical Patriarchate (the Phanar), which
are rapidly being transformed from platforms for inter-Christian dialogue into
instruments of “soft power.” Through media channels, material support, and
direct participation in diplomatic processes, these centers influence the
sympathies of elites, legitimize new ecclesiastical (and quasi-ecclesiastical)
structures, and alter the balance of power in entire regions, as clearly
demonstrated by the example of Ukraine. [1]
The task of this report is to
analyze how ecumenical projects shape the international agenda, which media
resources and financial mechanisms are employed, and what consequences this
leads to for the Orthodox world. On the basis of this analysis, specific steps
are proposed for the protection of the spiritual and canonical integrity of
Orthodoxy.
1. Ecumenical
Projects as Instruments of Political Influence
1.1. The Change in the Nature
of Ecumenism
Contemporary ecumenism, initiated
by the Vatican and the Phanar, often goes beyond the bounds of theological
dialogue, turning into a means for the formation of geopolitical alliances, the
exertion of pressure on the Local Orthodox Churches, the introduction of a
liberal social agenda, and the justification of the legitimacy of secular
states’ interference in internal ecclesiastical processes. Thus, the form of
“dialogue” is used as a diplomatic platform for the advancement of influence.
2. Media as an
Instrument of Pressure and Legitimation
The Phanar actively uses a number
of English-language and Greek-language information channels, such as Orthodox
Times, Ecumenical Patriarchate News, Greek Reporter, and
resources connected with the diaspora. [2] These media perform key functions in
shaping an interpretation of events favorable to the Patriarchate of
Constantinople, attempting to present and confer legal force and generally
recognized significance upon its controversial canonical acts.
This can be traced very clearly
in the media support of the “Ukrainian project — the OCU.” During the period
2018–2020, pro-Phanariot news resources disseminated a narrative in which the
OCU was presented as “the only canonical Church of Ukraine,” and the Ukrainian
Orthodox Church as a “Russian structure not connected with the Ukrainian
people.” The decisions of the Phanar were presented as obligatory for the
entire Orthodox world, [3] and informational pressure was exerted on those
Local Churches that expressed doubts and disagreement with its actions.
This interpretation was
synchronized with Western media, which presented the granting of the Tomos
to the “OCU” as a “victory of democracy and sovereignty,” which demonstrates
close media-political coordination. [4] Studies and publications show that the
Phanar (as well as the Vatican) work carefully with society through their own
information platforms and partner media, and this makes a religious initiative
also an information operation within a broader political game.
3. Financing and
the Role of External Actors
Open sources indicate systematic
external financial and political support for the Phanar’s projects by
structures of the Greek diaspora in the United States, American diplomatic
foundations, and transnational non-governmental organizations oriented toward
the promotion of “religious freedom.”
The Lantos Foundation included
Patriarch Bartholomew in projects for the “promotion of freedom of conscience.”
This narrative then returns in Church media as “international support for
church reforms.” In the “Archons”—an organization connected with the Patriarchate
of Constantinople—it was stated that at the International Religious Freedom
Summit (IRF Summit) Patriarch Bartholomew was mentioned as a “bridge-builder.”
[9]
4. The
International Policy of the Vatican and Its Connection with Ecumenical
Initiatives
4.1. The Vatican as a
Diplomatic Power
The Vatican demonstrates
considerable experience in constructing interconfessional dialogue,
humanitarian initiatives, and political diplomacy, creating for itself the
image of a “peacemaker.” [7] Ecumenical dialogue is used by it as a channel for
forming special relations with influential states, exerting influence on
religious processes in Eastern Europe, and promoting the social doctrine of
Catholicism as a global norm.
4.2. Synergy of Instruments:
Media, Finances, and Diplomacy
Media (official channels such as Vatican
News), financing (through Caritas, Catholic Relief Services),
and diplomacy operate in close coordination. [8] Public campaigns create a
favorable background for political decisions, humanitarian assistance ensures a
presence “on the ground,” and official diplomacy consolidates the results at
the symbolic and formal levels. [9]
5. Concrete
Examples and Illustrations
• The Tomos of autocephaly
of the OCU (2019) — the ecclesiastical act of Constantinople was publicly and
politically supported by Ukrainian state leaders, which strengthened its
perception as an element of pro-Ukrainian diplomacy rather than an
intra-ecclesiastical matter. [10]
• The participation of the Phanar
in international summits on Ukraine (2024–2025) — speeches and the signing of
final documents by Patriarch Bartholomew at diplomatic venues demonstrate the
integration of the ecclesiastical institution into political processes and make
it possible to transmit its position through international formats. [11]
• Vatican diplomacy around the
“Russia–Ukraine” conflict — calls for peace and large-scale humanitarian
assistance through Caritas were combined with formulations that critics
regarded as neutral toward the Russian Federation, which was used in
information wars. [12]
• The meeting of Pope Francis
with [OCU “Metropolitan of Kyiv”] Epiphany Dumenko is a continuation of the
process of recognizing the “OCU” in the religious world and a support of the
non-canonical actions of the Phanar. [13]
• Humanitarian support through
Catholic structures — large volumes of funds and projects of CRS / Caritas
strengthen not only the social but also the socio-political influence of
Catholic structures in the regions. [14]
6. The risks and
consequences of this activity for Orthodoxy are seen in:
• Doctrinal dilution and
institutional subordination to the Vatican.
• Polarization within the
Orthodox world, since there exists a threat of division into supporters of
different centers.
• The instrumentalization of
religion by secular states through the support of particular ecclesiastical
actors.
• Loss of trust among the
faithful, who may begin to perceive the Church as a political project.
• Escalation of inter-Orthodox
conflicts through the use of information campaigns and sanctions.
7. Our proposals
for the protection of spiritual and canonical integrity
To counter these risks and
threats, a systematic, multi-year strategy is necessary, which may include the
following components, presented here for discussion:
- Media counter-narrative and information security
o The launch of
a multilingual media platform of Orthodox unity (an analogue of Orthodox
Faith, but with a budget and a professional editorial team).
o The
preparation and dissemination of short educational series (videos 3–5 minutes,
infographics, podcasts) on the topics: “What is canonical territory,” “Why
ecumenism contradicts Holy Patristic Tradition,” “How to distinguish
humanitarian aid from an instrument of influence.”
- Strengthening one’s own social and humanitarian
programs
o The creation
or significant expansion of existing charitable services, so that external
assistance is not perceived as the sole source of support.
o The
introduction of a system of “Orthodox crowdfunding” — a unified platform for
raising funds for social projects within the Local Churches.
- Education and catechesis of the new generation
o The
introduction of a mandatory course “Contemporary Challenges to Orthodoxy:
ecumenism, globalization, geopolitics,” both in theological seminaries and
academies and for the laity.
o The holding of
annual inter-Orthodox forums for clergy and laity.
- Inter-Orthodox unity without the Phanar and
external pressure
o Against the
background of geopolitical upheavals and divisions in the Orthodox world, to
consider the Patriarchate of Jerusalem as a potential center capable of uniting
the Local Churches, since, unlike the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which is
deeply involved in provoking disagreements, the Church of Jerusalem actively
works toward strengthening unity.
o The holding of
regular meetings of the Primates and Synodal commissions of the Local Churches
that preserve Eucharistic communion (the ROC, Serbian, Antiochian, Georgian,
Bulgarian, Polish, Czech Lands and Slovakia, and others).
o The drafting
and adoption of a joint document “On the boundaries of ecumenical dialogue and
the preservation of canonical purity.”
o The
establishment of a permanent Secretariat of Orthodox unity (as I have
previously proposed, using the Amman model).
5. Legal and
international protection
o Support for
the existing international legal group of Orthodox hierarchs and lawyers to
represent the interests of persecuted communities in the ECHR, the UN, the
OSCE, and others.
o The submission
of collective appeals to international organizations for each instance of
discrimination against the canonical Church (seizure of a church, arrest of a
priest, prohibitive laws).
o In the event
that sanctions are imposed against any hierarch — within 72 hours, a joint
statement by all participating Local Churches.
6. Spiritual
and theological measures
o An increase in
the number of conciliar anathemas and public condemnations of contemporary
forms of ecumenism and “Eastern papism” (following the example of the [anathema]
decisions of ROCOR in 1983 on ecumenism).
o The universal
revival of the practice of the public reading of the “Synodikon of
Orthodoxy” on the Sunday of the Triumph of Orthodoxy, with the addition of
contemporary threats.
o Periodic
services of supplication for the admonition of those who have fallen away (in
the diocese entrusted to my administration, I commemorate “those who inflict
afflictions upon us” at the Great Entrance during the transfer of the Gifts).
7. Monitoring
and early warning
o The creation
of an additional analytical center to track ecumenical and geopolitical threats
(on the basis of existing structures—for example, at the Center for
Geostrategic Studies in Belgrade).
8.
Transparency of financing and external ties
The introduction
of mandatory annual publication of reports on foreign grants and donations. The
establishment of an Inter-Orthodox Commission for monitoring financing under
the aegis of canonically responsible Local Churches, which will publish “black
lists” of donors found to be involved in anti-canonical activity.
9. Long-term
strategy
o The
preparation and convening of a Pan-Orthodox Council of the Local Churches
(possibly without Constantinople) for the final condemnation of “Eastern
papism,” contemporary ecumenical errors, and the formulation of clear canonical
norms for the 21st century.
The
establishment of a permanent Inter-Orthodox court for canonical violations.
Conclusion
The ecumenical initiatives of the
Vatican and the Phanar in the 21st century have turned into a full-scale
geopolitical project, using media, finances, and diplomacy to alter the
canonical landscape of Orthodoxy. The response can only be firm standing in the
Truth, reinforced by a mature strategy, systematic defense, inter-church
solidarity, and one’s own informational agency. Possessing the Holy Patristic
Tradition and the ability for its creative re-actualization, the Orthodox world
has everything necessary to turn the current crisis into an opportunity for
purification and strengthening. We have millions of faithful children. All that
remains is to act decisively and in a coordinated manner. Then the present
“ecumenical offensive” will become not a threat, but an occasion for a new
flourishing of Orthodoxy.
Notes [numbering
jumps from 4 to 7 in the original Russian – trans. note.]
1. Religious
Information Service of Ukraine (RISU) — a portal that regularly publishes
analysis of the role of religious institutions in conflicts, including on the
example of Ukraine. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://risu.ua/ (official RISU
website; search by keywords “hybrid conflicts,” “religion and war,” etc.).
2. Orthodox
Times — an information resource close to the Patriarchate of
Constantinople. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://orthodoxtimes.com/
(official website).
3. Official
website of the Permanent Representation of the Ecumenical Patriarchate to the
World Council of Churches (news and documents of the Patriarchate). [Electronic
resource]. Access mode: https://www.ecupatria.org/
(previously the domain ecupatria.org was used as the Patriarchate’s news
portal).
4. Reuters,
5 January 2019: “Ecumenical Patriarch signs decree granting Ukraine church
independence.” [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1OZ0AP/
(archival Reuters article; related materials on the topic are available
at https://www.reuters.com/)
7. Vatican
News — the official information portal of the Holy See (analysis of Vatican
diplomacy). [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.vaticannews.va/
8. Catholic
Relief Services (CRS) — official website, section on projects in Ukraine.
[Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.crs.org/our-work-overseas/where-we-work/ukraine
9. Order
of St. Andrew the Apostle, Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate —
official website (mentions of Patriarch Bartholomew as a “bridge-builder” at
the IRF Summit and others). [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://archons.org/ (see also
materials on the IRF Summit)
10. Reuters,
5 January 2019 (the same article as in note ⁴). [Electronic resource]. Access
mode: https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1OZ0AP/
11. Order
of St. Andrew the Apostle, Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate
(materials on international summits and the diplomacy of Patriarch
Bartholomew). [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://archons.org/
12. Vatican
News — official portal (humanitarian initiatives of the Vatican in
Ukraine). [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.vaticannews.va/
13. Religious
Information Service of Ukraine (RISU) — a portal that regularly publishes
analysis of the role of religious institutions in conflicts, including on the
example of Ukraine. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://risu.ua/ru/predstoyatel-pcu-epifanij-vstretilsya-s-papoj-franciskom_n152837
14. Catholic
Relief Services (CRS) — projects in Ukraine. [Electronic resource]. Access
mode: https://www.crs.org/our-work-overseas/where-we-work/ukraine
Russian
source:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bHpdIrw7oOODrffCMtJwOtHPQnw6rMbN/view?usp=sharing