Sunday, April 6, 2025

An Autobiography of Basil Sakkas (1934-2014), author of "The Calendar Question"

My name is Basil Sakkas. I am 75 years old, married with three children. Primarily a resident of Athens, but due to my family obligations I travel frequently. I lived in Geneva, Switzerland from 1961 to 1991. I am a retiree of the “European Organization for Nuclear Research” (C.E.R.N.) where I worked for 28 years as an assistant librarian. Also, simultaneously from 1968 to 1976 I served as a married clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and was canonically under the Archbishop of Geneva and Western Europe, the ever-memorable Kyros Anthony.

From childhood, I was always interested in religious and ecclesiastical matters. I read many religious and theological books in various languages. I participated in many seminars of theological content. I attended many studies and lectures. I myself engaged many times in the writing of religious books and studies. I occupied myself with the catechism of both youth and adults. Thus, I can, with the help of God and without arrogance, say that I have a sufficient knowledge and experience of religious matters. (...)

The ever-memorable [Matthewite Metropolitan] Epiphanios was a born leader. He had the temperament of those people who consider every adversity in their life as a motive to surpass themselves. He lived on earth as if there were nothing else in the world except God and his conscience. He governed the Church with an iron hand wearing a velvet glove. He was strict and gentle at the same time. Demanding toward the powerful and condescending toward the weak. The people loved him and his opponents respected him. (...)

I had the fortune in my life to meet the ever-memorable Epiphanios and to become spiritually connected with him as follows. Around the end of 1971, Archbishop Anthony asked me to go to the Archdiocese in order to serve as an interpreter because the Metropolitan of Kition and All Cyprus and Exarch of the [Matthewite] G.O.C., Kyros Epiphanios, had visited him to discuss certain ecclesiastical matters. The interpretation was conducted in the Greek and French languages.

During the conversation, I formed the impression that the ever-memorable Epiphanios was distinguished particularly for his reliability, honesty, dignity, and integrity, and this created an attraction in me toward his person. On his part as well, I perceived that I also inspired trust in him, and thus he too had shown some interest in me.

After the end of the meeting, the ever-memorable Epiphanios told me that he would need to come to Geneva a few more times in order to continue his conversations with Archbishop Anthony. Since he neither knew the language nor how to move about in an unfamiliar city, he asked me if it would be possible for my wife and me to host him during those visits of his. This we gladly accepted.

Thus began to be formed and developed a relationship of spiritual friendship and mutual trust which, with the help of God, was sincere, unbroken, and cloudless until the repose of the ever-memorable Epiphanios.

During his visits to Geneva, where he stayed at my home for several days each time, we had the opportunity to discuss at length a multitude of ecclesiastical matters that concerned us. He also had the time to recount to me in great detail his experiences at the Holy Monastery of Stavrovouni and [Panagia] Trooditissa, as well as the superhuman hardships he faced when in 1940 he began to live as an ascetic in Fourní under a pomegranate tree.

As our acquaintance progressed, he also recounted to me at length and in great detail how he created and gradually built the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration. We often discussed the various difficulties and problems he encountered daily. At that time, he had not yet built the main Monastery, which, together with the Katholikon, that is, the main church, would be completed in 1984.

During his visits, he also met many of my friends and acquaintances there. Two young men from France asked him for permission to stay near him for a period of time in Cyprus, which indeed took place. In 1972, he asked my colleague at C.E.R.N., Mr. François Magnien, an architect, if he could draw up the plans for the future main Monastery of the Transfiguration that he intended to build on a property located in Avdellero, Larnaca. Mr. Magnien replied that he was willing to prepare the plans for him, and even free of charge, but due to the language and his professional obligations, it was not possible for him to travel to Cyprus to oversee the progress of the works. As the ever-memorable Epiphanios later informed us, due to these difficulties he eventually preferred to assign the entire work to another architect from Cyprus, and the contract was given to Mr. Stylianos Kounas from Aradippou.

In the discussions I had with him, however, certain reservations arose in me concerning the canonicity of my ordination to the priesthood within the framework of the Russian Orthodox Church, and I asked him if it would be possible to discuss them with him. Indeed, he agreed, and after listening to me attentively, he said to me:

— I was very saddened by what you told me, because I had intended to ask Archbishop Anthony to give you a letter of release so that you could then join the Church of Cyprus. However, according to what you are telling me, I think that the most correct, honest, and consistent thing is for you to resign from the priesthood and to serve God in another way. If you do not do this, no matter how many good works you may perform, your conscience will always reproach you, that all these good works you are doing in order to cover, to conceal, and to justify an irregularity, and this is not pleasing before God.

In turn, I too was greatly saddened after what he told me, but on the other hand, I recognized that he was right and I appreciated once again his ethos and integrity. He gave me the proof that, as an honest Levite, he does not govern the Church with utilitarianism and expediency but with the fear of God. I understood that he is a Bishop in whom one can unreservedly entrust the salvation of his soul.

I told him that I agreed with what he pointed out to me, but I asked him for a grace period because such decisions are not made within 24 hours, and that I had to arrange this matter within the framework of the Hierarchy to which I canonically belonged. He replied that he understood and that he was convinced God would help me to do the right thing at the appropriate time.

I understood that the ever-memorable Epiphanios loved people spiritually and without sentimentality. He saw everyone as souls that had to be saved. He measured everyone in general by the measure of the Church and made no concessions to anyone, whether friend or relative. (...)

Since, as I previously mentioned, the ever-memorable Epiphanios recounted to me his history and the history of the founding and building of the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration in great detail, I must clarify the following. It is not easy for someone to understand the ever-memorable Epiphanios, his philosophy and his actions, if he does not have some basic knowledge of the Ascetical Theology of the Orthodox Church. However, since it happened that I studied, even theoretically and encyclopedically, the Evergetinos, the so-called Gerontikon, the Leimonarion, etc., I particularly understood what he was telling me. It was as if we had attended, at least theoretically, the same school. In our conversations we spoke the same language, even if at times we did not use the correct and commonly accepted words for something. (...)

Thus, as we all know, he settled under the pomegranate tree, utterly alone, having a Holy Scripture and the Evergetinos, which he hid inside a tin can so that the mice would not eat them. And there he began from nothing “with a borrowed mattock,” because his own mattock he had to acquire himself, the work which we all see and admire today.

The only help he ever wished to accept, as he told me, was a loaf of bread from his godmother, and this for symbolic reasons because she was his spiritual mother. He recounted to me that for years the labor was harsh and superhuman. As he told me, “He would draw a hundred buckets of water and then sit to read one page from the Evergetinos. Then he would draw another hundred buckets and read yet another page,” and this continued for years “from the morning watch until night,” from dawn until night. Thus, the first money was gathered in order to purchase the first steps for the gradual construction of the monastic complex.

The ever-memorable Epiphanios came several times to Geneva. Eventually, however, his negotiations with Archbishop Anthony and the hierarchy of the Russian Church did not bear fruit, and thus he ceased coming. We had, however, remained in constant contact through correspondence, more rarely by telephone. As for my personal affairs, until I made a final decision, I had ceased to liturgize.

I also met the ever-memorable Epiphanios often in Athens when I went for my holidays and he happened to be there as well for matters with the Holy Synod. (...)

In 1976 I made my final decision and resigned definitively from the priesthood. When I mentioned it to the ever-memorable Epiphanios, he replied that I had done the right thing and that God had a thousand other ways to bless my services within the Church, and he asked me to visit him in Cyprus. However, I hesitated and was ashamed to appear before him now wearing trousers, and I found excuses to avoid it. But he insisted, and so one day, many years later, I decided to come to Cyprus for the first time.

As far as I remember, I must have come to Cyprus for the first time around December of 1988. (...)

The first thing I asked of him was to take me to the pomegranate tree where he had lived as an ascetic. So one morning he put me on the tractor and took me to Fourní. There he showed me what was left of the tree, and the ruins of his first structures: a small chapel, his cell, and a cistern, if I remember correctly.

On the way back, we passed through the various properties of the Holy Monastery. Every so often he would get down from the tractor and at a certain spot place stones. Sometimes two, sometimes three or four, sometimes in one way and sometimes in another. I asked him what this meant. He told me that it was a kind of coded language for the sisters who would come afterward, and by seeing these stones, they knew what work had to be done in that field—watering, weeding, or anything else. “Well,” I asked him, “don’t they know on their own what they should do?” He smiled and said to me, “If they knew, Basil, do you think I wouldn’t have other matters of the Church to concern myself with? But the one responsible for the Monastery is obliged to keep watch, day and night, over every detail—both spiritual and material. With the stones I tell them not only to water it, but also how and how much to water it.” (...)

In the meantime, following his instruction, I came to Cyprus several times when my holidays permitted it, until 1991, when due to health reasons I took early retirement. The ever-memorable Epiphanios asked me to assist him in the writing work of the Church and to organize certain seminars on religious Catechism for our youth, librarianship, and grammar according to the polytonic system. Thus, we wrote together certain books and pamphlets of an apologetic nature, mainly concerning the theological significance of the ecclesiastical calendar.

He asked me to find for him from Athens three or four old typewriters with the polytonic system. The new ones that were then available on the market were monotonic, and he did not wish to adopt the monotonic system either in his writings or in the administration of the Church, which I indeed did.

I always tried to do whatever he told me and in the manner that he wanted it done. My only compensation was my travel tickets, and while I was in Cyprus, he provided me with food and lodging. Nothing more. Each time I stayed in Cyprus usually for a month, and once I stayed for three and a half months. At times I stayed either in the Guesthouse of the Holy Monastery, as I mentioned above, or in the Holy Hesychasterion when it was built around 1991, and during the first years no nun stayed there overnight. Later, when nuns began to stay overnight, he built me a small room near the Holy Hesychasterion. Afterwards, I stayed at the Missionary Foundation of Saint Epiphanios, which was established later.

Many times, whenever he wished, we would discuss various ecclesiastical matters and problems. Nevertheless, I neither acquired nor sought to acquire what is commonly referred to as parrhesia, that is, a wrongly understood familiarity. Our relationship was based on a Code of conduct according to the examples of the Holy Fathers. He always spoke to me in the singular, and I always replied to him in the plural. I never knocked on his door or crossed the threshold of his cell without him having invited me. Whenever he needed me, he would send someone to call me. I never expressed my opinion about anything unless he himself asked me for it.

He never said “thank you” to me for the services I offered to the best of my ability. We both knew that such things are not prescribed by the Gospel. And that when we performed our duties toward the Church, according to the words of Christ, we were simply “unprofitable servants.” His “thank you” was the satisfaction I felt when, upon reviewing a piece of my work, he approved it as being in accordance with the teaching, order, and tradition of the Church and accepted it.

The ever-memorable Epiphanios was not one of those people who could be manipulated, directed, or yield to pressure. Although by temperament he possessed a very strong personality, he nonetheless had the humility to listen even to the opinion of a small child. In the end, however, he himself would decide what he would do, according to what his episcopal conscience dictated to him. One day, in jest, I said to him: “But, Despota, at least leave one acute accent incorrect once in a while!” Then he replied to me seriously: “Basil, everything I sign must represent me, even if it is just an acute accent.”

One day he asked me to follow him, and he took me up to the small hill where the Holy Hesychasterion was later built. He pointed out to me another hill opposite, and between them is the Monastery of the Transfiguration. “You see,” he said to me, “Basil, the Monastery in the middle is the Lord, and these two hills are Moses and the Prophet Elias who appeared together with Christ on Mount Tabor. I have decided to build my Hesychasterion on this hill here. It will also serve me as an episcopal residence so that whoever comes to see me will not needlessly disturb the sisters, and at the same time, I will be able to oversee the Monastery and direct the sisters and the affairs of the Monastery. This, after all, is what the ever-memorable Matthaios [Karpathakis] also did with the Holy Monastery of Keratea. And since beneath this hill, while praying to the Theotokos, I found water, I will dedicate this Hesychasterion to the Life-Giving Spring.”

Indeed, I often remember him going out onto the balcony to observe the orchards and then sending them messages about the work that needed to be done. I remember once when he was sick in bed and received a message. I saw him get up and disappear. Later, when he returned and could no longer stand on his feet, he told me that something had happened with the monastery’s water and he had to run to shut it off. (...)

Although I do not remember exactly how many times I went to Cyprus, I do remember that I went many times. Specifically, I mention the visit and stay of over three months during the summer of 1996 for the classification of the [Matthewite] Archive of the Church of the G.O.C. and of the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration, (...)

I also had continuous contact with the current Metropolitan of Kition, then Father Sebastianos, especially after his ordination as a hieromonk, when the ever-memorable Epiphanios had assigned him, whenever he celebrated the Divine Liturgy, to take me along with him so that I too could receive Holy Communion. Thus, whenever I was in Cyprus, I went with him wherever he served, and certainly also to the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration, either in the Katholikon or in the chapel of Saint Kosmas, especially after 1996 when the iconography of the Katholikon began. Thus, I am in a position to know that from the very beginning of his ordination to the priesthood in 1996, Father Sebastianos was appointed by the ever-memorable Epiphanios as the canonical and designated celebrant of the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration.

In 1996 also, the ever-memorable Epiphanios asked me to help him create an "Enchiridion of Monastic Conduct" with the Canons, counsels, and Penances of the Fathers, so that the Nuns would know their duties as precisely as possible. This enchiridion would simultaneously constitute the Rule of the Monastery, replacing any other preexisting Rule. Since it mainly concerned a collection of Canons of the Fathers of the Church and other preexisting regulations, as well as his own Canons as Founder of the Holy Monastery, after providing me with the necessary texts, he told me that I could prepare it in Athens on my computer. (...)

In the winter of 2002, I was once again in Cyprus. I remember it because that day I mention was December 12th according to the ecclesiastical calendar, while for the rest of Cyprus it was Christmas and a public holiday. The ever-memorable Epiphanios sent for me, and they brought me from the Spiritual Foundation where I was staying to the Holy Hesychasterion, and he told me that he wanted me to type his will and certain appointments he had decided to make (...) After I took paper and pencil, I noted down what he dictated to me and then typed the documents. When I gave them to him, he read them, corrected certain things, and told me to make the corrections in the final texts. Thus, I finally delivered to him the texts he wanted, and he signed them in the presence of Christakis Siikkis and Andreas Stavridis, who also co-signed as witnesses to his will. (...)

I asked him, however, what he intended with these appointments and his will.

He told me approximately the following: “Basil, the Apostle Paul warned that after his departure grievous wolves would enter in, not sparing the flock. Likewise, after my own departure, I know that grievous wolves will enter, who will try to exploit the monastery, each according to his aims and interests. Therefore, I want the Holy Synod to know officially and based on evidence what is my last will and my final official actions as Founder and Abbot of the Holy Monastery, but also as Metropolitan of the Church of the G.O.C. of Cyprus. After my death, the responsibility lies with the Holy Synod, so let them do as God enlightens them.”

The ever-memorable Epiphanios, however, as I mentioned earlier, was not an ordinary personality. A man who with his own hands had dug a hundred wells to find water needed more than that to be thrown into panic, especially when he was upright and had justice on his side.

His reputation had long since surpassed the borders of the Great Island and he was known in many countries. I had read publications concerning both him and the Holy Monastery of the Transfiguration in French and English, and even in Russia he was not unknown. (...)

God granted him his clarity and sharpness of mind until the end of his life, on Great Saturday, April 17, 2005, according to the Old Calendar. I saw him for the last time three months before his venerable repose. In a room of the hesychasterion, in front of the stove. He was very saddened by the situation (...) and at one moment he said to me:

— What can I do, Basil, what can I do?

— Forgive me, Despota, I replied, but what can I, a poor man, know?

— You see, Basil, in the Church we find absolute holiness side by side with absolute wickedness. Just as we find manure at the root of the rose bush, upon which we find the most beautiful and fragrant roses.

Those were the last words we exchanged. (...)

I wish to say to the honorable court that I am 75 years old and that this is the first time I am called as a witness before an honorable court. I also wish, with the help of God, that it be the last. Christians are people “wearing flesh and dwelling in the world.” It is therefore to be expected that problems arise among them. Holy Scripture tells us that even among the Holy Apostles at times there arose a “contention” (Acts 15:39).

Nevertheless, the Apostle Paul says that it is entirely improper and a “shame” for Christians to be dragged into courts at the very moment they have been called by the Savior Christ to judge the entire “world,” and even the “angels” (1 Corinthians 6:2–4). No problem is unsolvable for the Church of Christ, if we are willing to submit with humility to our Orthodox Tradition and to the Order of the Church. (...)

Basil M. Sakkas

July 3, 2009

 

Greek source: https://epistrofi-sotiria.blogspot.com/2015/08/normal-0-false-false-false-el-x-none-x.html

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